Development of Antidandruff Shampoo from the Fermented Product of Ocimum sanctum Linn.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate Malassezia furfur inhibitory activity of the fermented product from Ocimum sanctum and develop an antidandruff shampoo. The fermented product was obtained by the fermentation process of the aerial part of O. sanctum. Total soluble protein was detected in the fermented product with the amount of 65.32 ± 0.14 mg/100 mL, whereas there was no organic acid. The inhibitory activity against four strains of M. furfur (No. 133, 656, 6000, and 7966) of the fermented product and shampoos containing the fermented product were investigated by broth dilution and agar diffusion method, respectively. The fermented product possessed high antifungal activity with the minimum inhibitory concentrations for 50% (MIC50) of M. furfur 133, 656, 6000, and 7966 of 0.125, 0.25, 0.125, and 0.125 mg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, the antifungal activity against M. furfur 656 was comparable to that of ketoconazole. Shampoo formulation C, which was the best formulation in terms of characteristics and stability, obtained a high level of satisfaction scores in terms of hair smoothness, hair shine, ease in combing, frizz reduction, and triboelectric reduction while brushing. Additionally, the shampoo containing 2% (w/w) of the fermented product of O. sanctum also possessed inhibitory activity against M. furfur 133, 656, 6000, and 7966 with inhibition zones of 13.2 ± 1.6, 12.8 ± 1.1, 18.7 ± 0.3, and 17.0 ± 1.1 mm respectively. Therefore, this shampoo was suggested for use as an antidandruff shampoo.

Anti‐Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities of Fermented Ocimum sanctum Linn. Extracts against Skin and Scalp Microorganisms

“…The findings agreed well with those of prior research that had been published that ET and EA exhibited significant NF-кB inhibition. [13] However, the present study remarked that ET, a semi-purified extract which of the non-polar and semi polar components were removed by hexane and ethyl acetate, possessed higher anti-inflammatory activity than CE which was crude ethanolic extract. Therefore, sequentially extraction with different organic solvents in increasing polarity order could semi-purify O. sanctum extract and led to superior anti-inflammatory activity.…”

“…Its voucher specimen was numbered (023230) and was kept in the official Herbarium of Chiang Mai University's Faculty of Pharmacy. [13] The entire O. sanctum plant was subsequently cleansed with tapped water and dried in an ambient environment. After 3 h, O. sanctum materials were dried farther in an oven set at 50 °C.…”

“…The dried material of O. sanctum was bio-extracted using a fermentation process with the assisted of L. plantarum as a starter culture as described in the previous study. [13] Briefly, the dried O. sanctum powder was diluted 20-fold in 10 % w/w cane sugar solution in a sterile tank. For starter culture preparation, a strain of L. plantarum was activated in De Man Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) broth and incubated for 18 -24 h at 35 � 2 °C.…”

“…Moreover, the beneficial microbes and/or their metabolites in fermented products might have ability to improve balance of the skin condition and skin microflora is thus fundamentally connected to limiting pathogenic growth, scalp health, and disorders. [11,12] Although O. sanctum have been reported for their antimicrobial activities and the fermented O. sanctum has been reported for the inhibition against dandruffcausing fungi, [13] the anti-inflammation and antibacterial properties of fermented O. sanctum in skin and scalp diseases have not before been documented. This is the first study to investigate the antimicrobial activity of both O. sanctum extracts and fermented O. sanctum on the bacteria and fungi that cause the skin and scalp conditions.…”

Preparation and evaluation of a free surfactant herbal shampoo with Acanthophyllum Squarrosum Saponins

“…It includes a review of the smell, color, and appearance of the product. For this purpose, olfactory senses and vision were used 12 …”