Development of APLAR-COPCORD Core Questionnaire for Identification of Risk Factors for Non Specific Low Back Pain

Abstract

Background: Non specific low back pain (NSLBP) has been identified as one of the commonest rheumatic disorders in prevalence surveys in Asia-PacificObjective: Development of a core questionnaire for identification of risk factors of NSLBP at community level.Methods: Following steps were followed: 1) item generation from literature survey, existing Nordic questionnaires and patient focus group discussions, 2) development of a preliminary APLAR-COPCORD English questionnaire, 3) translation into target language, back translation and development of a synthetic target language version, 4) adaptation of the synthetic target language version through tests of comprehensibility, content validity test-retest reliability, and 5) finalization of the English questionnaire. .Results: 45 items were generated. A preliminary English questionnaire was developed.Conclusion: The developed English questionnaire will serve as an efficient tool for identification of risk factors of NSLBP in Asia-Pacific communities.TAJ 2011; 24(2): 85-90

Risk factors of non-specific low back pain in a rural community of Bangladesh: A case-control study

“…The rest of the 821 patients had rheumatic conditions other than LBP and were excluded from the study. Among the 494 LBP patients, 343 were clinically diagnosed as NSLBP patients using Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR)-COPCORD questionnaire for NSLBP 16 by rheumatologists and considered as cases for the study. NSLBP is defined as low back pain not attributable to a recognizable, known specific pathology (e.g., infection, tumor, osteoporosis, lumbar spine fracture, structural deformity, inflammatory disorder, radicular syndrome, or cauda equina syndrome).…”

“…We used community specific APLAR-COPCORD questionnaire validated by Siddiqui et al 16 History of chronic disease: Respondents were asked whether they are currently taking any medication for diabetes and/or hypertension, or have they ever been said to have raised blood glucose or blood pressure by any physician or qualified health care worker. If they said 'yes' to any of the above two then they were considered as having a history of chronic disease.…”

“…If they said 'yes' to any of the above two then they were considered as having a history of chronic disease. 16…”

“…Respondents were asked whether they had any major accident/physical trauma over the last 12 months. 16 Prolonged continuous sitting: Respondents were asked whether they have to sit for ≥ 2 hours/day continuously irrespective of their daily activities or occupation over the last 12 months. Such as desk workers, driver, tailors.…”

“…Such as desk workers, driver, tailors. 16 Squatting: Respondents were asked whether they have to squat or sit bending knee for ≥ 1 hours/day continuously irrespective of their daily activities or occupation over the last 12 months. Such activities include sitting without stool/ floor or yard scraping/wiping/cooking etc.…”