Development of aqua epoxy for repair and strengthening of RC structural members in underwater

Kim, Sung‐Bae; Yi, Na Hyun; Phan, Hung Duc; Nam, Jin Won; Kim, Jang-Ho Jay

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.04.002

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…prepared a mussel‐inspired hyperbranched poly(amino ester) polymer, which exhibited an adhesion strength of 100 kPa on wet porcine skin substrates. On the other hand, Kim et al . synthesized epoxy adhesives for rebuilding and strengthening structural members located in water; their results confirm that their adhesives in water showed the same adhesive abilities as those used in dry conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Underwater polyurethane adhesive with enhanced cohesion by postcrosslinking of glycerol monomethacrylate

Xie

Liu

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyurethane (PU) has been widely used as a glue in various areas. However, adhesion in the presence of water is greatly impeded and results in most synthetic adhesive failure. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel PU construction; underwater PU adhesives were created by the incorporation of synthetic glycerol monomethacrylate (GMA). Furthermore, the urethane structure helped the adhesive eliminate the interfacial water barrier through interactions that were stronger than hydrogen bonding, and GMA as a crosslinking agent was used to generate post-covalent-crosslinking networks through radical polymerization. This enhanced the cohesion so the diffusion of water molecules could be overcome. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, underwater adhesion measurements, and tensile tests were used to characterize the chemical and mechanical properties of the as-obtained adhesive. This led to an adhesive with a better mechanical strength and interfacial adhesion in water, and the results show that the mechanical properties (tensile strength, Young's modulus, and tensile elongation) of the GMA-PU adhesive were higher than those of the pure PU. As for the 4% GMA, the tensile strength was enhanced by 24.3% and the elongation was enhanced by 125.23% over those of the pure PU. This confirmed that the incorporation of GMA into the PU matrix indeed induced increasing cohesion, and the sample's adhesive strength was 21.19 6 3.9 MPa; this indicated a superior adhesive strength over that of the pure PU. In addition, we can foresee that underwater adhesion will play an important role in prospective surgery and engineering areas. V C 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46579.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Underwater polyurethane adhesive with enhanced cohesion by postcrosslinking of glycerol monomethacrylate

Xie

Liu

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Separate research related to the corrosion prevention of steel in seawater using passive films was also conducted [15]. Kim et al [16] suggested that the simplest method of reinforcing underwater structures was to coat their surface using a coating material that is workable underwater. They also stated that developing an epoxy material which is workable underwater was the most effective way of applying this method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Age Tensile Bond Characteristics of Epoxy Coatings for Underwater Applications

et al. 2019

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In this study, coating equipment for the effective underwater repair of submerged structures was developed. The tensile bond characteristics of selected epoxy resin coatings were investigated by coating the surface of a specimen using each of the four types of equipment. Using the experimental results, the tensile bond strength and the coating thickness were analyzed according to the type of equipment, coating, and curing time. The results show that the type of coating equipment used had the greatest effect on the measured bond strength and coating thickness of the selected coatings. However, the effect of coating type and curing time on the bond strength and the thickness was observed to be insignificant. Compared with the developed equipment, the surface treatment of the coating was observed to be more effective when using the pre-existing equipment, and thus the bond performance of the coating was improved compared to using the pre-existing equipment. Based on the experimental results, improvements and needs involving the equipment for further research were discussed.

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“…In the previous study, the aqua-epoxy was used only as an adhesive material and it showed sufficient durability, workability, and chemical resistance in wet conditions including seawater. Detailed chemical compositions of the aqua-epoxy can be found in [9]. The viscosity of the material was increased from 30,000 cps to 54,000 cps due to micro-silica filling in the pores.…”

Section: Bonding Materials Selection For Floating Concrete Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concrete floating structure bonded by PS (as specified in this study) is consistent with Type VI. The highly viscous aqua-epoxy used in this study was originally developed by Kim et al [9] with the goal of enhancing workability as a repair-retrofit material for FRP attachments. In the previous study, the aqua-epoxy was used only as an adhesive material and it showed sufficient durability, workability, and chemical resistance in wet conditions including seawater.…”

Section: Bonding Materials Selection For Floating Concrete Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Failure-Inducing Micro-Silica Aqua Epoxy Bonding Material for Floating Concrete Module Connection

et al. 2015

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Abstract:Many recent studies in the development of floating concrete structures focused on a connection system made of modules. In the connection system, the modules are designed to be attached by pre-stressing (PS) while floating on the water, which exposes them to loads on the surface of the water. Therefore, the development of a pre-connection material becomes critical to ensure successful bonding of floating concrete modules. Micro-silica mixed aqua-epoxy (MSAE) was developed for this task. To find the proper MSAE mix proportion, 0% to 4% micro-silica was mixed in a standard mixture of aqua-epoxy for material testing. Also, the effect of micro-silica on the viscosity of the aqua epoxy was evaluated by controlling the epoxy silane at proportions of 0%, 5%, and˘10%. After completion of the performance tests of the MSAE, we evaluated the effect of MSAE in a connected structure. The plain unreinforced concrete module joint specimens applied with MSAE at thicknesses of 5, 10, and 20 mm were prepared to be tested. Finally, we evaluated the performance of MSAE-applied reinforced concrete (RC) module specimens connected by PS tendons, and these were compared with those of continuous RC and non-MSAE-applied beams. The results showed that the mix of micro-silica in the aqua-epoxy changed the performance of the aqua-epoxy and the mix ratio of 2% micro-silica gave a stable failure behavior. The flexural capacity of concrete blocks bonded with MSAE changed according to the bond thickness and was better than that of concrete blocks bonded with aqua-epoxy without micro-silica. Even though MSAE insignificantly increases the load-carrying capacity of the attached concrete module structure, the stress concentration reduction effect stabilized the failure of the structure.

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Development of aqua epoxy for repair and strengthening of RC structural members in underwater

Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

Underwater polyurethane adhesive with enhanced cohesion by postcrosslinking of glycerol monomethacrylate

Underwater polyurethane adhesive with enhanced cohesion by postcrosslinking of glycerol monomethacrylate

Early-Age Tensile Bond Characteristics of Epoxy Coatings for Underwater Applications

Stable Failure-Inducing Micro-Silica Aqua Epoxy Bonding Material for Floating Concrete Module Connection

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