Development of Baboon Preimplantation Embryos to Post-Implantation Stages In Vitro1

Pope, C. E.; Pope, Valerie Z.; Beck, Lee R.

doi:10.1095/biolreprod27.4.915

Cited by 52 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The nine perfusion-fixed early implantation stages reported here constitute the only reasonably extensive series of timed implantation stages in primates available for study by both light an electron microscopy. However, there may soon be other primate material with which to compare development, both from in uiuo studies of the marmoset, a new world monkey (Moore et al, 19851, and from in uitro studies of the baboon (Pope et al, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of the embryonic disc, amnion, and yolk sac in the rhesus monkey

1986

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The inner cell mass of the blastocyst has differentiated into epiblast and hypoblast (primitive endoderm) prior to implantation. Since endoderm cells extend beyond the epiblast, it can be considered that both parietal and visceral endoderm are present. At implantation, epiblast cells begin to show marked evidence of polarity. They form a spherical aggregate with their basal ends toward the basal lamina and apical ends toward the interior. The potential for an internal space is formed by this change in polarity of the cells. No cytological evidence of separation of those cells that will form amniotic epithelium from the rest of the epiblast is seen until a cavity begins to form. The amniotic epithelium is originally contiguous with overlying cytotrophoblast, and a diverticulum remains in this position during early development. Epiblast forms a pseudostratified columnar epithelium, but dividing cells are situated toward the amniotic cavity rather than basally. The first evidence of a trilaminar disc occurs when a strand of cells contiguous with epiblast is found extending toward visceral endoderm. These presumptive mesoderm cells are undifferentiated, whereas extraembryonic mesoderm cells are already a distinct population forming extracellular materials. After implantation, visceral endoderm cells proliferate forming an irregular layer one to three cells thick. Visceral endoderm cells have smooth apical surfaces, but very irregular basal surfaces, and no basal lamina. At the margins of the disc, visceral endoderm is continuous with parietal endoderm and reflects back over the apices of the marginal visceral endoderm cells. This sacculation by visceral endoderm cells precedes pinching off of the secondary yolk sac from the remaining primary yolk sac.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of the embryonic disc, amnion, and yolk sac in the rhesus monkey

1986

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“…Trophoblast (trophectoderm) from a number of primate species can be cultured beyond the time of blastocyst implantation and, under a variety of circumstances, will form syncytial trophoblast (Pope et al, 1982;Summers et al, 1987). Similarly, trophoblast from the first-trimester human placenta (Loke and Burland, 1988) or from term placentas (Kliman et al, 1987;Douglas and King, 1989) can be isolated, cultured, and interacted with other cell types and with different matrices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophoblast differentiation during the transition from trophoblastic plate to lacunar stage of implantation in the rhesus monkey and human

Enders

1989

Am. J. Anat.

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The transition from the trophoblastic plate stage to the early lacunar stage was examined in a series of implantation sites from the rhesus monkey, timed on the basis of the preovulatory estrogen peak, and prepared for transmission electron microscopy. This transition was compared with specimens from stage 5a, b, and c in the Carnegie collection of human embryos. The transition was marked by the differentiation of a new type of syncytial trophoblast--namely, a unilaminar microvillous polarized syncytium, which developed throughout the trophoblastic plate, forming characteristic intrasyncytial clefts. The rapid development of this type of syncytium created a nonclotting chamber for maternal blood wherever trophoblast intrusion into maternal vessels created confluence. Although the nature of the material in the Carnegie series precluded cytological characterization of the trophoblast, there is evidence that a similar transition occurs in human trophoblast and that in the human also the appearance of lacunae marks a change from an early invasive trophoblast to a situation in which growth is more significant.

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“…To collect numerous embryos, not only methods to induce follicle development but also methods to induce ovulation must be developed. Methods for the induction of ovulation have been reported [32,43], and an embryo collection method that involves flushing the entire reproductive tract has been established for the rhesus monkey [25,26,91,92], the baboon [73][74][75] and the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) [95,96]. For cynomolgus monkeys, the technique for cannulation to the uterus through the cervical canal [102] has been developed, a technique that my research group has successfully used.…”

Section: Collection Of Embryos Fertilized In Vivomentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Manipulation of Nonhuman Primate Gametes for Embryo Production and Embryo Transfer.

Sankai

2000

Exp. Anim.

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Abstract:Since nonhuman primates are closely related to humans and share many physical similarities, they are important for use in research areas such as human infectious diseases, reproduction, physiology, endocrinology, metabolism, neurology and longevity. To develop and maintain these animals, we must establish techniques for in vitro manipulation of spermatozoa and eggs. For a decade my research group has been conducting basic research to establish embryo manipulation techniques and to clarify the reproductive phenomena in nonhuman primates. This article summarizes the past research on in vitro manipulation of nonhuman primate gametes, from collection of reproductive cells and in vitro fertilization to the birth of offspring after embryo transfer, as well as the current status of these research areas. The studies summarized here will directly lead to the development of standard techniques for practical and comprehensive use in nonhuman primates.

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Development of Baboon Preimplantation Embryos to Post-Implantation Stages In Vitro1

Cited by 52 publications

References 16 publications

Differentiation of the embryonic disc, amnion, and yolk sac in the rhesus monkey

Differentiation of the embryonic disc, amnion, and yolk sac in the rhesus monkey

Trophoblast differentiation during the transition from trophoblastic plate to lacunar stage of implantation in the rhesus monkey and human

In Vitro Manipulation of Nonhuman Primate Gametes for Embryo Production and Embryo Transfer.

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