Development of backscatter sounding single‐site location system

Zhu, Peng; Zhang, Yuannong; Yang, Guobin; Zhou, Chen; Jiang, Chunhua; Cui, Xianze

doi:10.1049/iet-rsn.2015.0424

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…‘ C ’ represents the centre of Earth. Although the ionosphere reflection height can be measured by Backscatter Inversion Technique (BIT), Vertical Sounding Technique (VST) and other techniques [21–23], the true value cannot be accurately obtained. The measurement model of reflection height can be given as

\mathbf{h}={\left[{h}_{1},{h}_{2},...,{h}_{M}\right]}^{\mathrm{T}}={\mathbf{h}}^{o}+{\mathbf{n}}_{\mathbf{h}}

, where

{\mathbf{h}}^{o}={\left[{h}_{1}^{o},{h}_{2}^{o},...,{h}_{M}^{o}\right]}^{\mathrm{T}}

represents the true value vector and

{\mathbf{n}}_{\mathbf{h}}={\left[{\Delta }{h}_{1},{\Delta }{h}_{2},...,{\Delta }{h}_{M}\right]}^{\mathrm{T}}

is the measurement noise with covariance matrix

{\mathbf{Q}}_{\mathbf{h}}=\mathrm{E}\left({\mathbf{n}}_{\mathbf{h}}{\mathbf{n}}_{\mathbf{h}}^{\mathrm{T}}\right)

.…”

Section: Measurement Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A two‐stage iterative method for short‐wave source localisation

Jiang,

Tang,

et al. 2023

IET Radar Sonar & Navi

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Short‐wave source localisation has an important role in many fields. A two‐stage iterative algorithm is proposed based on the ionospheric virtual height (IVH) model using the direction of arrival (DOA) and time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements, which is divided into DOA stage and TDOA stage. The optimisation problem of the TDOA stage can be obtained by using the result of DOA stage and TDOA measurements. During the solution process, the non‐convex quadratic equation constraints are converted to linear constraints, which can lead to the algorithm converges to the global optimal solution and the optimal solution can be analytically solved. The theoretical analysis demonstrates that the localisation accuracy of both stages can reach the corresponding constrained Cramér‐Rao lower bound (CCRLB). And the accuracy of TDOA stage achieves the CCRLB of hybrid localisation. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is demonstrated by simulations.

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\mathbf{h}={\left[{h}_{1},{h}_{2},...,{h}_{M}\right]}^{\mathrm{T}}={\mathbf{h}}^{o}+{\mathbf{n}}_{\mathbf{h}}

, where

{\mathbf{h}}^{o}={\left[{h}_{1}^{o},{h}_{2}^{o},...,{h}_{M}^{o}\right]}^{\mathrm{T}}

represents the true value vector and

{\mathbf{n}}_{\mathbf{h}}={\left[{\Delta }{h}_{1},{\Delta }{h}_{2},...,{\Delta }{h}_{M}\right]}^{\mathrm{T}}

is the measurement noise with covariance matrix

{\mathbf{Q}}_{\mathbf{h}}=\mathrm{E}\left({\mathbf{n}}_{\mathbf{h}}{\mathbf{n}}_{\mathbf{h}}^{\mathrm{T}}\right)

.…”

Section: Measurement Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mathematical notations used in this paper are shown in Table 1. [21][22][23], the true value cannot be accurately obtained. The measurement model of reflection height can be given as h ¼ h 1 ; h 2 ; ::: x y z…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A two‐stage iterative method for short‐wave source localisation

Jiang,

Tang,

et al. 2023

IET Radar Sonar & Navi

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“…Define

H_{m}

as the ionosphere layer (virtual) height for the transmitting path from

bold-italicu

s_{m}

, then

H_{m}

is determined by the status of ionosphere layer and the positions of

bold-italicu

and

s_{m}

H_{1}, \dots, H_{M}

can be detected previously through a backscatter sounding system [20].…”

Section: Problem Statement and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel grid selection method for sky‐wave time difference of arrival localisation

Zhang

Mao

Zhao

et al. 2019

IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation

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“…As mentioned before, many inversion algorithms had been developed to obtain the electron density profile from various ionograms provided by WIOBSS, and then the virtual height can be derived by finding the reflection point which is estimated with both the intensity and the spatial distribution of the electron density profile. According to this technical solution, Zhu et al proposed an SSL system using the technique of ionospheric backscatter sounding, and most of the errors of the geo-locations are within 10% [ 153 ].…”

Section: Remote Sensing Applications Of Wiobss Operating At Low Trmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wuhan Ionospheric Oblique Backscattering Sounding System and Its Applications—A Review

Shi

Yang

Jiang

et al. 2017

Sensors

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For decades, high-frequency (HF) radar has played an important role in sensing the Earth’s environment. Advances in radar technology are providing opportunities to significantly improve the performance of HF radar, and to introduce more applications. This paper presents a low-power, small-size, and multifunctional HF radar developed by the Ionospheric Laboratory of Wuhan University, referred to as the Wuhan Ionospheric Oblique Backscattering Sounding System (WIOBSS). Progress in the development of this radar is described in detail, including the basic principles of operation, the system configuration, the sounding waveforms, and the signal and data processing methods. Furthermore, its various remote sensing applications are briefly reviewed to show the good performance of this radar. Finally, some suggested solutions are given for further improvement of its performance.

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Development of backscatter sounding single‐site location system

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

A two‐stage iterative method for short‐wave source localisation

A two‐stage iterative method for short‐wave source localisation

A novel grid selection method for sky‐wave time difference of arrival localisation

Wuhan Ionospheric Oblique Backscattering Sounding System and Its Applications—A Review

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