Development of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 and MED on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Alone and in a Mixed Population

Smith, Hugh A.; Shrestha, Deepak; Santen, Edzard van; Qadri, Masroor; Wong, Adam C. N.

doi:10.1653/024.103.0412

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The genealogic origins of MEAM1 and MED strains explains the rapid dispersion and adaptation of these B. tabaci species in Brazil since they were previously selected in the other regions of the world to rapid adaptation to new and disturbing environments as the agricultural areas (Barro and Ahmed, 2011;Tang et al, 2019). We believe that the set of facts described here justify our results and may restrain the spread of MED species in open field crops in Brazil (Laarif et al, 2015;Smith et al, 2020;Topçu et al, 2020). However, Brazilian agriculture is characterized by complex landscapes where many crops are cultivated in rotation during the seasons in different climatic and management conditions (Silva et al, 2020;Dourado et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…However, our results suggest that MED has not been established on open field crops in Brazil's Central and North regions. Host preference, or even the cultivars, may affects B. tabaci species distribution and dominance (Pascual and Callejas, 2004;Liu et al, 2007;Barro et al, 2006;Smith et al, 2020;Topçu et al, 2020;Gorayeb et al, 2021). In our study, the sampling sites were predominantly on soybean, cotton, and tomato crops, historically colonized by MEAM1 in Brazil (Queiroz et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…MED suppressed MEAM1 in some agricultural areas such as in China (Tang et al, 2019;Teng et al, 2020). However, MEAM1 has remained dominant even after MED invasions in other localities, such as Florida (US) and Turkey (Smith et al, 2020;Topçu et al, 2020). In Brazil, MED spread across the southern region (Moraes et al, 2017), mainly on ornamentals and vegetables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study, the sampling sites were predominantly on soybean, cotton, and tomato crops, historically colonized by MEAM1 in Brazil (Queiroz et al, 2017). Nonetheless, both B. tabaci species displayed good adaptation on soybean and cotton under laboratory conditions, with MED overcoming MEAM1 just on tomato, under laboratory and field (Watanabe et al 2019;Bello et al, 2020), differing with results on tomatoes fields on USA (Smith et al, 2020). The MED species expansion to Central and North regions may be limited by the low presence of ornamentals trades and greenhouses, environments essential to MED spread and survival in new areas (Rodrigues et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that MEAM1 surpasses MED in some hosts due to better fecundity, high fertility, short lifecycle, and mating behavior (Pascual and Callejas, 2004;Pascual, 2006;Crowder et al, 2010;Smith et al, 2020). On the other hand, MED can be more competitive in protected crops (greenhouse or net house), under intensive insecticide use, or even in some specific hosts (Horowitz et al, 2005;Pascual, 2006;Kontsedalov et al, 2012;Laarif et al, 2015;Smith et al, 2020). These traits may contribute to MED colonization in open field areas in some countries, as well as in some southeast Brazil regions (Sun et al, 2013;Bello et al, 2020;Tang et al, 2019;Teng et al, 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 still remains the dominant species in open field crops in Brazil

et al. 2024

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Among Bemisia tabaci species, the invasive MEAM1 and MED species are key agricultural pests for many crops. In Brazil, most part of B. tabaci population outbreaks were associated with MEAM1, which, since 1990s quickly spread across the entire country. Later in 2014, the MED was identified in Brazil, initially more restricted to greenhouses, but suddenly reaching new areas in the South and Southeast open regions. Thus, our objective was to investigate the geographical distribution of MEAM1 and MED on open field crops in Brazil. MEAM1 is still the predominant species on open field crops such as soybean, cotton, and tomato. The sequencing of a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene fragment revealed a single haplotype of MEAM1, suggesting the establishment of a single MEAM1 strain in the country. The haplotypes found for MEAM1 and MED are genetically related to the globally dispersed strains, Jap1 and Mch1, respectively. Continuous monitoring of B. tabaci species is crucial because landscape alterations, climatic changes, and pest management methods may shift the B. tabaci species distribution and dominance in Brazilian crop areas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 still remains the dominant species in open field crops in Brazil

et al. 2024

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Whiteflies at the Intersection of Polyphagy and Insecticide Resistance

Perier

Cremonez

Champagne

et al. 2022

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most damaging, polyphagous insect pests of agricultural cropping systems around the world. Insecticide control is one of the main tactics used to mitigate damage and crop injury caused by the species. Similarly, plant chemical defenses are primary natural mechanisms that reduce attacks from whiteflies. Like all Sternorrhyncha insects, whiteflies have piercing/sucking mouthparts and feed on phloem sap from vascular plants through a stylet. Therefore, if this insect can overcome the physical barriers of the plant and pierce the vascular bundle, the main remaining barriers to nutrition uptake and utilization are phytochemicals that might exhibit some degree of toxicity toward the insect. Bemisia tabaci has been reported to feed on over 1,000 plant species representing an enormous range of phytochemicals to which whiteflies are potentially exposed. Recently, whiteflies were shown to have acquired a gene from plants to detoxify the plant’s phenolic glycosides that are usually toxic. Additionally, host plants have been shown to alter the response of a single whitefly population to insecticides. Herein, we review possible interactions between the highly polyphagous B. tabaci, the potential phytochemicals associated with its extensive plant host range, and the main chemical insecticides used to control this pest. This review aims to provide a conceptual framework for studying possible biological interactions between the insect, host plant, and insecticidal toxins used to control this pest at the mechanistic and population selection levels.

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A Maximum Dose Bioassay to Assess Efficacy of Key Insecticides Against Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Marchi

Smith

Turechek

et al. 2021

Journal of Economic Entomology

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The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 Gennadius causes serious losses to Florida vegetable and ornamental production. In 2019, a maximum dose bioassay was administered to 20 field populations of B. tabaci MEAM1 collected from various economic and weed hosts across south Florida to assess insecticide efficacy. The maximum dose bioassay tests the top labeled rate of the insecticide against B. tabaci adults on treated cotton leaves in a Petri dish over a 72-h period. A susceptible laboratory colony of B. tabaci MEAM1 and a colony of B. tabaci MED were also tested. Survival over 72 h was used to produce an area under the maximum dose curve, which was used to compare insecticide effects on different populations. Overall, imidacloprid demonstrated the poorest efficacy, dinotefuran and flupyradifurone were the most effective, and bifenthrin, cyantraniliprole, and thiamethoxam tended to group together, providing intermediate control. Across populations tested, survival in whitefly adults treated with dinotefuran was 50% lower than whiteflies treated with imidacloprid, about 33% lower than whiteflies treated with thiamethoxam, bifenthrin, and cyantraniliprole, and 10% lower than whiteflies treated with flupyradifurone. Efficacy of bifenthrin was less than imidacloprid on some populations, particularly from the Homestead area. Imidacloprid and thiamethoxam had no effect on mortality of the MED population when it was tested after 22 mo in culture without exposure to insecticides, although 7 mo later, these materials resulted in some mortality for the MED population.

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Development of Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 and MED on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Alone and in a Mixed Population

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 still remains the dominant species in open field crops in Brazil

Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 still remains the dominant species in open field crops in Brazil

Whiteflies at the Intersection of Polyphagy and Insecticide Resistance

A Maximum Dose Bioassay to Assess Efficacy of Key Insecticides Against Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

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