Development of biomass-derived biochar for agronomic and environmental remediation applications

Waqas, Muhammad; Asam, Zaki-ul-Zaman; Rehan, Mohammad; Anwar, M.N.; Khattak, Riaz A.; Ismail, Iqbal Mohammad Ibrahim; Tabatabaei, Meisam; Nizami, Abdul-Sattar

doi:10.1007/s13399-020-00936-2

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…Thermochemical conversion methods such as pyrolysis, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), and gasification are the most commonly used conversion techniques for biochar synthesis. The highest biochar yields were obtained in case of pyrolysis (Wang et al 2019), and therefore this process was considered to be the most effective and economic in terms of biochar production (Waqas et al 2020).…”

Section: Biochar Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar for removal of dyes in contaminated water: an overview

Saravanan

Jegan²,

Pushpa³

et al. 2022

Biochar

166

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In recent years, numerous investigations have explored the use of biochar for the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants in single component systems. Biochar is a carbonaceous material produced from waste biomass, mainly by thermochemical conversion methods. This material was used as a biosorbent in various removal processes of pollutants, and its efficiency was strongly influenced by the characteristics of the biomass feedstock. This review integrates the recent works of literature to understand the biosorption behaviour of dyes onto biochar-based biosorbents. The factors influencing the biosorption process and the mechanisms describing the biosorption behaviours of the biochar have been broadly reviewed. Furthermore, the biosorption models can be used to comprehend the competence of the biochar as biosorbent for dye removal techniques. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Biochar Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar for removal of dyes in contaminated water: an overview

Saravanan

Jegan²,

Pushpa³

et al. 2022

Biochar

166

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“…Biochar is a solid carbon-rich byproduct of a thermal conversion process of waste biomass. 1 Biochar has been extensively used as a key material for several environmental applications: carbon capture and storage, 2−4 removal of heavymetal ions, 5−9 and removal of atmospheric pollutants. 10−14 Biochar is a promising candidate for remediation of soil, water, and air because it has several unique features: a variety of polar functional groups, extensive porosity and specific surface area, 15 ease of preparation and low cost, and the availability of a wide range of feedstocks for biochar fabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sustainable management of hazardous air pollutants, mitigation measures to achieve net zero emissions through safe recycling of biowastes, and the production of low-cost adsorbents are among the priorities making significant contributions to meet the goal of sustainable development. Biochar is a solid carbon-rich byproduct of a thermal conversion process of waste biomass . Biochar has been extensively used as a key material for several environmental applications: carbon capture and storage, − removal of heavy-metal ions, − and removal of atmospheric pollutants. − Biochar is a promising candidate for remediation of soil, water, and air because it has several unique features: a variety of polar functional groups, extensive porosity and specific surface area, ease of preparation and low cost, and the availability of a wide range of feedstocks for biochar fabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron-Rich Biochar to Adsorb Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted from Asphalt-Surfaced Areas

Mousavi

Aldagari

Crocker

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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This study introduces iron-rich biochar to selectively adsorb some volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from asphalt-surfaced areas. Adsorption and retention of VOCs can improve the air quality while reducing asphalt’s mass loss which compromises asphalt’s durability. The iron-rich biochar was made from a hybrid feedstock of Cyanidioschyzon merolae (CM) algae and swine manure (SM) with a blend of 20:80 CM/SM, showing the highest biochar yield of 27 wt % and the highest metal content of Fe (21.8 g kg–1). Comparison of VOC adsorption of iron-rich biochar and low-iron biochar shows the significant role of Fe content in adsorption of VOCs. When the iron-rich biochar was introduced to asphalt, a total emission reduction of 76% was observed; this number was only 59% when low-iron biochar was used. The superiority of iron-rich biochar over low-iron biochar in adsorbing volatiles is observed for some specific volatiles such as non-polar aromatics in our experiment. The dominant contribution of lightweight cyclic aromatics and alkanes in bitumen emissions indicates that minimizing the VOC emissions from saturate and aromatic fractions of bitumen could be a key factor in reducing the VOCs from asphalt. The hybrid biomass feedstock used here is also a nitrogen-rich substance containing abundant N sites to coordinate with Fe to form −C–N–Fe bonds. To understand the role of N–Fe functionals in the higher efficacy of Fe-rich biochar, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed on three O-containing compounds (benzoic acid, benzofuran, and hexanal) and three S-containing compounds (dibenzothiophene, 3-pentylthiophene, and hexanethiol). Based on DFT results, the adsorption energies of VOCs on active sites of Fe–biochar (containing −N–Fe functionals) are 8 to 10 times higher than those for pristine biochar (containing just N groups). It was also found that the presence of iron stimulates the catalytic performance of biochar, as evidenced by our DFT results, indicating degradation of dibenzothiophene and hexanethiol on the N–Fe active zones of iron-rich biochar. Application of iron-rich biochar can suppress the volatiles emitted from asphalt-surfaced areas; this in turn can improve the air quality and extend the service life of roadway infrastructures. Therefore, the study outcomes can promote built environment’ sustainability and public health.

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“…The relationships between the chemical and physical properties of soils amended with biochar and their effects on soil biota are poorly understood. Soil microbial functions and the soil pore structure influence some soil physical properties and determine the retention, transport, and supply of soil moisture and, therefore, crop yield through their interactions [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Swine Manure Biochar on the Physical Properties and Microbial Activity of Loamy Soils

Ayaz

Feizienė

Feiza

et al. 2022

Plants

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Biochar has been proven to influence soil hydro-physical properties, as well as the abundance and diversity of microbial communities. However, the relationship between the hydro-physical properties of soils and the diversity of microbial communities is not well studied in the context of biochar application. The soil analyzed in this study was collected from an ongoing field experiment (2019–2024) with six treatments and three replications each of biochar (B1 = 25 t·ha−1 and B0 = no biochar) and nitrogen fertilizer (N1 = 160, N2 = 120 kg·ha−1, and N0 = no fertilizer). The results show that biochar treatments (B1N0, B1N1, and B1N2) significantly improved the soil bulk density and total soil porosity at different depths. The B1N1 treatment substantially enhanced the volumetric water content (VMC) by 5–7% at −4 to −100 hPa suction at 5–10 cm depth. All three biochar treatments strengthened macropores by 33%, 37%, and 41%, respectively, at 5–10 cm depth and by 40%, 45%, and 54%, respectively, at 15–20 cm depth. However, biochar application significantly lowered hydraulic conductivity (HC) and enhanced carbon source utilization and soil indices at different hours. Additionally, a positive correlation was recorded among carbon sources, indices, and soil hydro-physical properties under biochar applications. We can summarize that biochar has the potential to improve soil hydro-physical properties and soil carbon source utilization; these changes tend to elevate fertility and the sustainability of Cambisol.

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Development of biomass-derived biochar for agronomic and environmental remediation applications

Cited by 39 publications

References 164 publications

Biochar for removal of dyes in contaminated water: an overview

Biochar for removal of dyes in contaminated water: an overview

Iron-Rich Biochar to Adsorb Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted from Asphalt-Surfaced Areas

The Impact of Swine Manure Biochar on the Physical Properties and Microbial Activity of Loamy Soils

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