Development of deformation processed copper-refractory metal composite alloys

Verhoeven, J. D.; Spitzig, W.A.; Jones, Laurence; Downing, H. L.; Trybus, C.L.; Gibson, Eli; Chumbley, L.S.; Fritzemeier, L. G.; Schnittgrund, G. D.

doi:10.1007/bf02834066

Cited by 87 publications

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“…The specific objective to be accomplished are: (1 ) To produce gray and ductile iron castings with improved microstructure and mechanical properties in the ascast condition, thus eliminating the need for post-casting heat freatment. This will reduce the overall energy consumption associated with the process.…”

Section: Project Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A National Assistance Extension Program for Metal Casting: a foundation industry. Final report for the period February 16, 1994 through May 15, 1997

1997

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Section: Project Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among other factors, prudent waste management decisions must include consideration of: (1) Product design (2) Raw material selection (3) Production (…”

Section: Research Planmentioning

confidence: 99%

A National Assistance Extension Program for Metal Casting: a foundation industry. Final report for the period February 16, 1994 through May 15, 1997

1997

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“…These composite materials are called in-situ composites or deformation-processed metal-metal composites (DMMC). Exceptionally high strengths were reported in face-centered cubic (fcc) copper alloys containing a body-centered cubic (bcc) metal as the reinforcing phase (e.g., The high strengths observed in the copper-base DMMC at high levels of deformation have been attributed to the development of aligned, nanoscale bcc filaments embedded in the facecentered cubic (fcc) copper matrix (Ref [1][2][3][4][5]. While some success has been achieved in aluminum-base DMMC systems (Ref 12), heavily deforming a composite of magnesium or magnesium-lithium containing steel fibers has produced sheet or rod with only moderate strengths (Ref 13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar results were observed in titanium-yttrium, and the moderate strengthening seen in these systems has been attributed to unique textures, which developed during deformation and affect the deformation characteristics and properties of the composite materials . In addition, nanoscale uniformity of the reinforcing filaments is a prerequisite for exceptionally high strengths in DMMC materials (Ref [1][2][3][4][5]. Microstructural studies of the titanium-yttrium alloys revealed that the annealing procedure required to allow high levels of deformation resulted in rapid coarsening of the filamentary structure and a corresponding decrease in tensile strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure of Heavily Deformed Magnesium-Lithium Composites Containing Steel Fibers

Jensen

Laabs

Chumbley

1998

Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance

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The microstructure of deformation-processed metal-metal composites (DMMC) of Mg-Li alloys containing steel reinforcing fibers was characterized to correlate the fiber size to the deformation strain and mechanical properties of the composite material. Micrographs taken using scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques revealed fiber sizes larger than predicted from the deformation applied to the bulk composite. Deformation strain in the fibers, therefore, was less than in the bulk material. Measurements from SEM and TEM micrographs were used to calculate the actual deformation strain present in the fibers. This strain was then used to adjust rule-of-mixture (ROM) predictions of the strength of the composite material. However, the experimental strengths of these materials were still less than the adjusted ROM values, potentially due to the presence of fibers considerably larger than the average size measured stereologically. Of the many models used to describe the strengthening observed in DMMC materials, the Hall-Petch relationship best describes the experimental data. Details of the strengthening models are discussed in relation to these composite materials. Keywords Ames Laboratory Disciplines Metallurgy CommentsThis article is from Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 7 (1998): 375-384, doi: 10.1361/ 105994998770347828. Posted with permission. RightsCopyright 1998 ASM International. This paper was published in Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 7, Issue 3, pp. 375-384 and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of ASM International. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic or multiple reproduction, distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means, duplications of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of this paper are prohibited. The microstructure of deformation-processed metal-metal composites (DMMC) of Mg-Li alloys containing steel reinforcing fibers was characterized to correlate the fiber size to the deformation strain and mechanical properties of the composite material. Micrographs taken using scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques revealed fiber sizes larger than predicted from the deformation applied to the bulk composite. Deformation strain in the fibers, therefore, was less than in the bulk material. Measurements from SEM and TEM micrographs were used to calculate the actual deformation strain present in the fibers. This strain was then used to adjust rule-of-mixture (ROM) predictions of the strength of the composite material. However, the experimental strengths of these materials were still less than the adjusted ROM values, potentially due to the presence of fibers considerably larger than the average size measured stereologically. Of the many models used to describe the strengthening observed in DMMC materials, the Hall-Petch relationship best describes the experimental data. Details of the strength...

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] These deformation-processed metal-metal composites (DMMC) are often prepared by ingot or powder metallurgy processes. The phases are deformed until the sheet or wire has a fiber-reinforced composite microstructure with highly elongated filaments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing and mechanical properties of magnesium-lithium composites containing steel fibers

Jensen

Chumbley

1998

Metall Mater Trans A

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Deformation-processed metal-metal composites (DMMC) of Mg-Li alloys containing steel reinforcing fibers were prepared by infiltrating a preform of steel wool with the molten matrix. The Li content was varied to control the crystal structure of the matrix; Mg-4 wt pct Li is hexagonal close packed (hcp), while Mg-12 wt pct Li is body-centered cubic (bcc). The low carbon steel used as the reinforcing fiber is essentially bcc. The hcp/bcc and bcc/bcc composites were subsequently deformed by rolling and by extrusion/swaging and mechanically tested to relate the tensile strength of the composites to true deformation strain. The hcp/bcc composites had limited formability at temperatures up to 400 °C, while the bcc/bcc composites had excellent formability during sheet rolling at room temperature but limited formability during swaging at room temperature. The tensile strengths of the hcp/bcc composite rod and the bcc/bcc composite sheet and rod increased moderately with deformation, though less than predicted from rule-of-mixtures (ROM) calculations. This article presents the experimental data for these DMMC materials and comments on the possible effect of texture development in the matrix and fiber phases on the deformation characteristics of the composite material. Deformation-processed metal-metal composites (DMMC) of Mg-Li alloys containing steel reinforcing fibers were prepared by infiltrating a preform of steel wool with the molten matrix. The Li content was varied to control the crystal structure of the matrix; Mg-4 wt pct Li is hexagonal close packed (hcp), while Mg-12 wt pct Li is body-centered cubic (bcc). The low carbon steel used as the reinforcing fiber is essentially bcc. The hcp/bcc and bcc/bcc composites were subsequently deformed by rolling and by extrusion/swaging and mechanically tested to relate the tensile strength of the composites to true deformation strain. The hcp/bcc composites had limited formability at temperatures up to 400 ЊC, while the bcc/bcc composites had excellent formability during sheet rolling at room temperature but limited formability during swaging at room temperature. The tensile strengths of the hcp/bcc composite rod and the bcc/bcc composite sheet and rod increased moderately with deformation, though less than predicted from rule-of-mixtures (ROM) calculations. This article presents the experimental data for these DMMC materials and comments on the possible effect of texture development in the matrix and fiber phases on the deformation characteristics of the composite material. Comments This article is from Metallurgical and Materials Transactions

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Development of deformation processed copper-refractory metal composite alloys

Cited by 87 publications

References 10 publications

A National Assistance Extension Program for Metal Casting: a foundation industry. Final report for the period February 16, 1994 through May 15, 1997

A National Assistance Extension Program for Metal Casting: a foundation industry. Final report for the period February 16, 1994 through May 15, 1997

Microstructure of Heavily Deformed Magnesium-Lithium Composites Containing Steel Fibers

Processing and mechanical properties of magnesium-lithium composites containing steel fibers

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