Development of Diesel Oxidation Catalysts for Heavy Duty Engines

Fredholm, S.; Andersson, S.; Marsh, Per; D'Aniello, M. J.; Zammit, Mike; Brear, Fred

doi:10.4271/932719

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The largest problem is controlling sulfate formation resulting from sulfur in the diesel fuel. Ideally, the design of these catalysts promotes the oxidation of the SOF borne by the particulate with minimal sulfate production from SO 2 oxidation (Fredholm, 1993). The removal of the SOF produces a reduction in the mass of particulate in proportion to its organic content.…”

Section: Diesel Oxidation Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxidation catalysts also store sulfuric acid formed from sulfates and water vapor under low to moderate temperature conditions and release sulfates during a higher temperature condition. This storage and release of sulfates can result in bursts of particulate matter during speed and load changes and adversely affect the durability of the catalyst (Fredholm, 1993).…”

Section: Diesel Oxidation Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of fuel sulfur content on emissions from diesel engines equipped with oxidation catalysts

Evans¹

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Diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs) are a viable exhaust aftertreatment alternative for alleviating regulated exhaust emissions of hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM) from diesel-fueled heavy-duty engines. This study was a part of the Diesel Emissions Control-Sulfur Effects (DECSE) program that was aimed at determining the impact of diesel fuel sulfur levels on diesel oxidation catalysts that were designed to lower brake-specific PM, HC, and CO emissions from on-highway trucks and buses in the 2002-2004 model years. The research focused on high-temperature DOCs installed on a Cummins ISM370 ESP engine, and low-temperature DOCs installed on a Navistar T444E engine to determine how the DOCs affect the various emissions, how fuel sulfur affects emissions, and how fuel sulfur poisons the catalysts over time. The DOCs were found to affect the brake-specific PM, HC, and CO emissions. The PM emissions were not significantly affected by the DOCs when lower sulfur fuels (3 ppm and 30 ppm) were used. Brake-specific PM emissions were dramatically increased with the higher sulfur fuel (350 ppm) due to the formation of sulfates and the associated sulfate bound water. Hence, fuel sulfur affected the brake-specific PM, HC, and CO emissions from DOC equipped heavy-duty diesel engines. Brake-specific HC emissions were eliminated by nearly 100% by the use of the DOCs. The DOCs had various reduction efficiencies ranging from 90% to 100% for CO emissions from the Navistar engine and 24% to 79% for the Cummins engine. The DOCs were only evaluated for only 250 aging hours, which is a relatively short duration. Over this short amount of time, there was no significant evidence of the fuel sulfur poisoning the diesel oxidation catalysts. iii ACKNOWLEGDEMENTS After six years of college education, a part of my life has finally ended. However, there is another part about to begin. Through the past two years of graduate school I have encountered some rough times, but it seemed that the better always won. As I look back on these past two years, I know I could not have accomplished everything on my own. I would like to take this time to express my thanks to the ones that helped see me through this challenging and rewarding time. The first and foremost who needs to be recognized is God. I would never be here if were not for Him. Even though He is unseen, I know His presence is always with me. He needs to be recognized due to the fact that too often He does go unacknowledged. Now to my parents, where I believe there is not enough time and words to show my appreciation and gratitude. Mom and Dad, without your love, encouragement, understanding, and support, I know none of this could have been possible. You have been there for me all the way, and I know you will always be there for me in the future. I can't express how much I love the two of you for this. You need to be recognized for one huge accomplishment, financially supporting three boys through engineering school. Dad, I know it was a lot of hard work for you, a...

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Section: Diesel Oxidation Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diesel Oxidation Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of fuel sulfur content on emissions from diesel engines equipped with oxidation catalysts

Evans¹

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“…The creation of sulfates (SO 3 ) from SO 2 is minimal. CO becomes CO 2 in the oxidation process [8].…”

Section: Aftertreatment Device Description Oxidation Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating heavy-duty diesel engine aftertreatment devices with a split exhaust configuration

Corrigan¹

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evaluated diesel oxidation catalysts (DOC) and lean-NO X catalysts as part of the Diesel Emissions Control-Sulfur Effects (DECSE) program. In order to perform thermal aging of the DOC and lean-NO X catalysts simultaneously and economically, each catalyst was sized to accommodate half of the engine exhaust flow. Simultaneous catalyst aging was then achieved by splitting the engine exhaust into two streams such that approximately half of the total exhaust flowed through the DOC and half through the lean-NO X catalyst. This necessitated splitting the engine exhaust into two streams during emissions measurements. The fraction of exhaust entering the measurement system was calculated based on a comparison of measured CO 2 concentrations taken during a full flow exhaust run and a partial flow exhaust run. Emissions sampled from the partial exhaust stream were then corrected based on these measured CO 2 concentrations to reflect the original full flow levels. Integrated engine-out emissions measured in the split exhaust streams during transient operation generally agreed well with emissions measured using the full exhaust stream. Measured emissions in the partial exhaust configuration remained within 5% of a 50/50 split except at idle or low power operation. When these results from a split flow test were corrected back to full flow levels, all measured emissions were within 11% of the full exhaust case for transient tests and 13% for steady state tests. Split exhaust emissions levels were hard to quantify at low exhaust flow rates. My time in Morgantown has been an excellent experience that I will never forget. Looking back on almost 2 years of graduate school, I realize that several people have influenced this adventure. I will do my best in acknowledging everyone. I must first thank Dr. Nigel Clark for twisting my arm into participating in the graduate program at WVU. There was not much arm twisting involved, just him saying I will pay you to go to school. Seriously, I want to thank him for giving me latitude in course selection and in research activities that I was involved in at the ERC. I have enjoyed listening to his different philosophies on just about everything that we discussed. I also wish to recognize Dr. W. Scott Wayne for his guidance and patience during the entire DECSE program. His attitude was always positive about anything that we were ever involved with together. For that, I am grateful. Dr. Greg Thompson needs acknowledged for teaching me that great things happen when people work together. So much more is accomplished if everyone is on the same page and involved in the activity. I want to thank both Scott and Greg for agreeing to be on my committee. My parents deserve more recognition than I could ever acknowledge. I thank them for their endless love and support. I also want to thank them for setting high goals for me to achieve and not excepting anything but my best effort. Thanks, Brian and Jason, for being brothers that would do anything and everything for me. Next, I need to thank all the staff a...

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Experimental Evaluation of Aftertreatment Devices on Mobile School Bus Emissions from Diesel Powered School Buses

Toback

Hearne

Colligan

et al. 2005

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Development of Diesel Oxidation Catalysts for Heavy Duty Engines

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Influence of fuel sulfur content on emissions from diesel engines equipped with oxidation catalysts

Influence of fuel sulfur content on emissions from diesel engines equipped with oxidation catalysts

Evaluating heavy-duty diesel engine aftertreatment devices with a split exhaust configuration

Experimental Evaluation of Aftertreatment Devices on Mobile School Bus Emissions from Diesel Powered School Buses

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