Development of Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Smart Inks by Substituting Ionic Pendants and Engineering Molecular Packing Structures

Abstract

A series of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) luminogen amphiphiles were newly designed and synthesized by a single-step anionic exchange reaction for controlling the photoluminescence properties in both solution and solid states. Multicolor emission in response to thermal, mechanical, and chemical stimuli was successfully demonstrated by engineering well-defined supramolecular assemblies. Phase transformation from the metastable amorphous solid to the stable orthorhombic crystal of [DP-Im][Br] provided the reversibly patternable light emission. Selforganization into the smectic crystalline phase of [DP-Im][TFSI] allowed us to show the linearly polarized light emission. By simultaneously applying [DP-Im][Br] and [DP-Im][TFSI], we demonstrated the fabrication of smart sensors for packaging of food or vaccines that can detect thermal attacks.

Intelligent Colorimetric Indicators for Quality Monitoring and Multilevel Anticounterfeiting with Kinetics-Tunable Fluorescence

“…At present, fluorescent materials have been widely used in optical anticounterfeiting because of their high sensitivity, superfast response, and rich signals that could be encoded, such as emission intensity, , wavelength, , and lifetime. − Based on the above-mentioned advantages of fluorescence outcomes, stimulus-responsive fluorescence, − photonic barcodes, , and time-dependent fluorescence − have also been realized and extensively applied in the construction of advanced anticounterfeiting by adjusting the components, structures, or external actuation. To satisfy the demands of multifunction for simultaneous anticounterfeiting and real-time quality monitoring, several TTIs based on irreversible changes of fluorescence properties after thermal exposure have been reported, − which have great potential to realize anticounterfeiting by using fluorescence signals. Nevertheless, they are still nascent, and most of them could only record the highest temperature to which they were exposed because their kinetics of optical response is highly difficult to program.…”

Encryptable Electrochromic Smart Windows: Uniaxially Oriented and Polymerized Hierarchical Nanostructures Constructed by Self-Assembly of Tetrathiafulvalene-Based Reactive Mesogens

“…Traditionally, organic EC materials have gained prominence for their clear benefits such as simple structural modification, low electric field alteration, cost effectiveness, and excellent processability. ,,− However, the organic EC devices that display only a color change lack the complexity to satisfy the required functionalities of a modern smart window. Controlling the polarization of light as well as the absorption wavelength of light can be a breakthrough for the fabrication of an advanced EC device. − In order to realize this, the implementation of liquid crystal (LC) materials capable of macroscopic orientation through simple coating techniques has demonstrated promising outcomes. It should be noted that LC materials can not only form uniaxially oriented hierarchical nanostructures by external stimuli such as electric/magnetic fields, surface anchoring, and mechanical shear forces but also stabilize the nanostructures through the three-dimensional (3D) polymer networks. − Therefore, prior to achieving a comprehensive understanding of uniaxially oriented LC materials, a thorough analysis of the hierarchical nanostructure resulting from oriented self-assembly is necessary. ,,− The optical anisotropy of oriented EC LCs can be fabricated into a new type of EC optical device with polarizers.…”