Development of discharges in liquid nitrogen in non-uniform electrical field

Fleszyński, J.; Zelek, A.; Skowroński, Jan

doi:10.1016/0304-3886(79)90059-7

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…As concerns pre-breakdown phenomena, very few investigations have been done to characterize streamers in LN 2 compared to hydrocarbons. Still photographs of long positive and negative streamers were obtained in [17]. Corona inception voltages in LN 2 were measured in [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streamers in liquid nitrogen: characterization and spectroscopic determination of gaseous filament temperature and electron density

Frayssines

Bonifaci

Denat

et al. 2002

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Streamers initiated in point-plane electrode geometry under impulse voltage are studied. Characterization up to 30 kV in both polarities shows two streamer types. In negative polarity, only slow `bush-like' streamers with a velocity of about 100 m s-1 are observed. In positive polarity, both `bush-like' and filamentary streamers appear. Positive `bush-like' streamers have similar velocity as in negative polarity, whereas filamentary streamers have a propagation velocity up to 30 km s-1. This high velocity is correlated to large transient current and light emission. Spectroscopic study of the light emitted by filaments shows mainly the second positive system of nitrogen. This system allows us to estimate the gas temperature inside a filament by making a comparison with a numerically simulated spectrum. A temperature close to 500 K is found. Dilution of hydrogen gas in liquid nitrogen allows us to determine also the electron density by Stark broadening of the Balmer Hα line. An electron density of about 1.1018 cm-3 is found.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streamers in liquid nitrogen: characterization and spectroscopic determination of gaseous filament temperature and electron density

Frayssines

Bonifaci

Denat

et al. 2002

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Moreover, positive BD voltages depicted in Fig. 4 are significantly higher than those obtained in the literature in needle-plane configuration, with identical gap distance [4], [13]. This can be explained by the lower electric field enhancement occurring at tape edges due to their geometrical 2D invariance, compared to needle tips.…”

Section: Study Of Breakdownmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The electrical insulation strategy of the r-SCFCL using the 2 nd generation of superconducting tape developed in the H2020 European project FASTGRID [3], is expected to rely on LN2 as a coolant and an insulator, which is typical of high-temperature superconducting systems. Although breakdown phenomena in LN2 have been studied for a long time [4] - [6], their specificities are not all well known. In particular, the breakdown voltage of LN2 is expected to be severely reduced during a quench, due to the intense heating leading to the appearance of vapor bubbles in LN2 [7] - [9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Turn-to-Turn Electrical Breakdown for Superconducting Fault Current Limiter Applications

Chassagnoux

Lesaint

Bonifaci

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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The rational insulation design of a resistive superconducting fault current limiter (r-SCFCL) requires data gathered from experimental setups representative of the final apparatus. Therefore, an experimental study was performed to characterize the electrical breakdown (BD) of liquid nitrogen (LN2) in the particular conditions of a quenching superconducting device. To reproduce the electrical stress occurring within a real r-SCFCL winding, BD voltages with a grounded tape electrode were investigated with different polarities and pressures, with and without transient heating on the tape electrode. Pictures obtained with a high-speed camera and breakdown delay measurements allow to further characterize breakdown mechanisms.

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“…As for the investigation of streamers in LN 2 , only a small number of publications exist. Fleszyński et al [17] found that the polarity effects significantly influence the streamer propagation. For positive pins, filamentary conducting channels were formed, causing breakdown at a lower threshold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prebreakdown negative streamers in liquid nitrogen: propagation characteristics and their influence on microsecond breakdown

Yan

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Further clarification of streamer-induced breakdowns in liquid nitrogen has been attracting increasing attention owing to their potential applications in superconducting systems and cryoplasmas. In this work, negative streamers in microsecond discharges were investigated using a high-speed multiple-frame imaging technique. Different external voltages, gap lengths, hydrostatic pressures, and pin tips were employed to initiate various streamers, namely bush-like streamers, single pinecone-like streamers, dendritic streamers, and filamentary streamers. Furthermore, abundant hybrid streamers involving streamer transition and combination were observed. The diversity of negative streamers may be related to the pin morphology. Generally, it was found that thinner streamers, especially filamentary streamers, could take place more frequently with higher breakdown probability under stronger filed and lower pressure. However, bush-like streamers gradually played a more dominant role upon increasing the pressure, and they were unable to cause breakdown. Moreover, several intermittent weak discharges were recorded during the growth of streamers, which might be responsible for the streamer transition and propagation. Additionally, given the evolution of streamers branches after breakdown and the influence of pressure on streamers characteristics, it was speculated that high-pressure gas could be involved inside the streamers. The possible mechanism of streamer propagation and resultant breakdown were further explored based on the analysis of streamer protrusions.

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Development of discharges in liquid nitrogen in non-uniform electrical field

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Streamers in liquid nitrogen: characterization and spectroscopic determination of gaseous filament temperature and electron density

Streamers in liquid nitrogen: characterization and spectroscopic determination of gaseous filament temperature and electron density

Study of Turn-to-Turn Electrical Breakdown for Superconducting Fault Current Limiter Applications

Prebreakdown negative streamers in liquid nitrogen: propagation characteristics and their influence on microsecond breakdown

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