Development of DNA Ink & DNA Barcoding Technology on Practical Tracking & Authenticity Detection of Pharmaceutical Ingredients

Abstract

Every year, millions of drugs are thrown away by consumers, even before their expiration date, assuming they have deteriorated. We need to see the fact that this has negative repercussions for our country and the world. In addition, when the data of the World Health Organization is examined, when it is considered that approximately 50% of the drugs are used incorrectly or unnecessarily or they are thrown away without even opening the box, we can see that the waste is large. We should not forget that the waste of drugs also brings environmental problems. It is crucial to maintain proper medicine storage conditions and keep out anything that could cause them to deteriorate. The most important factors that play a role in the deterioration of drugs are light, temperature and humidity. If drugs are not stored under appropriate conditions, their chemical structures may change and their effectiveness may decrease or disappear. One of the main factors affecting the deterioration of drugs is that drugs are not kept in the cold chain except for heat, light and humidity. These factors affecting degradation also affect the degradation of DNA. Therefore, it is anticipated that a DNA-based ink will be developed and used in the packaging of drugs, and drug degradation can be followed easily. As a groundbreaking project in the field of health, it is aimed that the person using the drug will be able to notice the deterioration in drugs over time with the DNAINK method. With DNAINK, it is aimed to understand whether the products still maintain their stability effectively, since the text on the drug boxes will be written with DNA ink. The DNA will be fluorescently marked, placed in ink, and injected into the writing on the medicine box. The target is that if the double-stranded DNA is left in conditions such as ultraviolet, light, temperature and humidity for a long time or if it is dependent on time, breaks will occur in the ink containing DNA, and it is aimed to determine the rate of degradation by following these breaks. Against counterfeit drug production, which has become a major health threat in the market, the DNAINK project will additionally develop barcoding technology, an important solution to this problem. Aims to bring Barcoding on the purchased medicine box will help to understand that the medicine came out of the right production place, and to bring a great solution to the health problems experienced due to counterfeit medicine production. With the barcoding technology, it will be possible to monitor whether the purchased drug is fake or not and whether the material deteriorates over time with the DNAINK method. Restriction enzyme analysis will be performed in plasmid DNA design and pHIV-EGFP plasmid will be used at this stage. Then the DNA will be mixed with the ink, and this ink will be subjected to certain tests to measure its stability and effectiveness. Afterwards, it is aimed to reach the desired stage of the project by performing DNA barcode sequencing and analysis. Within the scope of the realization of this p...