In this study, we conducted electrical resistivity tests and small-diameter drilling tests on mortar surface layers using water-cement ratio and unit water content as experimental factors, and we investigated the effect of electrical resistivity on the drilling speed. Results showed that water content had a considerable effect on electrical resistivity depending on the water-cement ratio.Further, an increase in water-cement ratios tended to increase the drilling speed, which indicated a highly positive correlation. Moreover, the quality of the mortar surface layer could be estimated by the drilling speed even when the difference in the water-cement ratios was