Development of Efficient Xylose Fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Xylose Isomerase as a Key Component

Maris, Antonius J. A. van; Winkler, Aaron A.; Kuyper, Marko; Laat, Wim T. A. M. de; Dijken, Johannes P. van; Pronk, Jack T.

doi:10.1007/10_2007_057

Cited by 169 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(122 reference statements)

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“…Engineered bacteria show promise for biofuel production, but yeast fermentation predominates today (55,56). Pichia stipitis, which has an innate ability to ferment xylose, is an especially viable candidate for bioconversion of lignocellulose-derived sugars (57)(58)(59).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermentable sugars by chemical hydrolysis of biomass

Binder

Raines

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

453

293

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Abundant plant biomass has the potential to become a sustainable source of fuels and chemicals. Realizing this potential requires the economical conversion of recalcitrant lignocellulose into useful intermediates, such as sugars. We report a high-yielding chemical process for the hydrolysis of biomass into monosaccharides. Adding water gradually to a chloride ionic liquid-containing catalytic acid leads to a nearly 90% yield of glucose from cellulose and 70-80% yield of sugars from untreated corn stover. Ion-exclusion chromatography allows recovery of the ionic liquid and delivers sugar feedstocks that support the vigorous growth of ethanologenic microbes. This simple chemical process, which requires neither an edible plant nor a cellulase, could enable crude biomass to be the sole source of carbon for a scalable biorefinery.biofuel | carbohydrate | ethanol fermentation | ionic liquid | lignocellulose

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermentable sugars by chemical hydrolysis of biomass

Binder

Raines

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

453

293

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“…However, it is largely unable to utilize xylose as substrate [5]. Xylose-fermenting capabilities have been achieved in S. cerevisiae by introduction of a two-step pathway catalyzed by xylose reductase (XR) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH), as well as a one-step pathway catalyzed xylose isomerase (XI) [6][7][8]. The XR/XDH pathway encompasses the reduction of xylose to xylitol by the NAD(P)H-preferring XR and oxidation of xylitol to xylulose by the NADH-linked XDH [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The XR/XDH pathway encompasses the reduction of xylose to xylitol by the NAD(P)H-preferring XR and oxidation of xylitol to xylulose by the NADH-linked XDH [6,7]. In contrast, the co-factor-independent XI catalyzes the direct isomerization of xylose to xylulose [8]. Ethanol productivity and yield during fermentation have been further improved by overexpression of endogenous xylulokinase (XK) [9] and engineering of the co-factor specificity of XR [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequential Targeting of Xylose and Glucose Conversion in Fed-Batch Simultaneous Saccharification and Co-fermentation of Steam-Pretreated Wheat Straw for Improved Xylose Conversion to Ethanol

et al. 2017

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Efficient conversion of both glucose and xylose in lignocellulosic biomass is necessary to make secondgeneration bioethanol from agricultural residues competitive with first-generation bioethanol and gasoline. Simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) is a promising strategy for obtaining high ethanol yields. However, with this method, the xylose-fermenting capacity and viability of yeast tend to decline over time and restrict the xylose utilization. In this study, we examined the ethanol production from steampretreated wheat straw using an established SSCF strategy with substrate and enzyme feeding that was previously applied to steam-pretreated corn cobs. Based on our findings, we propose an alternative SSCF strategy to sustain the xylose-fermenting capacity and improve the ethanol yield. The xylose-rich hydrolyzate liquor was separated from the glucose-rich solids, and phases were co-fermented sequentially. By prefermentation of the hydrolyzate liquor followed fedbatch SSCF, xylose, and glucose conversion could be targeted in succession. Because the xylose-fermenting capacity declines over time, while glucose is still converted, it was advantageous to target xylose conversion upfront. With our strategy, an overall ethanol yield of 84% of the theoretical maximum based on both xylose and glucose was reached for a slurry with higher inhibitor concentrations, versus 92% for a slurry with lower inhibitor concentrations. Xylose utilization exceeded 90% after SSCF for both slurries. Sequential targeting of xylose and glucose conversion sustained xylose fermentation and improved xylose utilization and ethanol yield compared with fed-batch SSCF of whole slurry.

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“…Xylose transport has a slight influence on the average exploitation of the xylose when the standard xylose reductase (XR) is scarce. Increasing the transporter of xylose has a vigorous potent impact on S. cerevisiae cells, which genetic manipulated for assimilation by overexpression of xylose isomerase (XI) [160].…”

Section: Xylose Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioethanol a Microbial Biofuel Metabolite; New Insights of Yeasts Metabolic Engineering

et al. 2018

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Scarcity of the non-renewable energy sources, global warming, environmental pollution, and raising the cost of petroleum are the motive for the development of renewable, eco-friendly fuels production with low costs. Bioethanol production is one of the promising materials that can subrogate the petroleum oil, and it is considered recently as a clean liquid fuel or a neutral carbon. Diverse microorganisms such as yeasts and bacteria are able to produce bioethanol on a large scale, which can satisfy our daily needs with cheap and applicable methods. Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia stipitis are two of the pioneer yeasts in ethanol production due to their abilities to produce a high amount of ethanol. The recent focus is directed towards lignocellulosic biomass that contains 30-50% cellulose and 20-40% hemicellulose, and can be transformed into glucose and fundamentally xylose after enzymatic hydrolysis. For this purpose, a number of various approaches have been used to engineer different pathways for improving the bioethanol production with simultaneous fermentation of pentose and hexoses sugars in the yeasts. These approaches include metabolic and flux analysis, modeling and expression analysis, followed by targeted deletions or the overexpression of key genes. In this review, we highlight and discuss the current status of yeasts genetic engineering for enhancing bioethanol production, and the conditions that influence bioethanol production.

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Development of Efficient Xylose Fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Xylose Isomerase as a Key Component

Cited by 169 publications

References 77 publications

Fermentable sugars by chemical hydrolysis of biomass

Fermentable sugars by chemical hydrolysis of biomass

Sequential Targeting of Xylose and Glucose Conversion in Fed-Batch Simultaneous Saccharification and Co-fermentation of Steam-Pretreated Wheat Straw for Improved Xylose Conversion to Ethanol

Bioethanol a Microbial Biofuel Metabolite; New Insights of Yeasts Metabolic Engineering

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