Development of electrospun keratin/coenzyme Q10/poly vinyl alcohol nanofibrous scaffold containing mupirocin as potential dressing for infected wounds

Abstract

Background: Nanostructured wound dressings produced by electrospinning biocompatible polymers possess great potential because they resemble the natural extracellular matrix and support cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. This study seeks to fabricate mupirocin, keratin, and coenzyme Q10 (Co Q10)-loaded PVA electrospun scaffolds intended for wound healing application and to characterize their morphology, physical properties, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (10% w/v), various concentrations of keratin/Co Q10 fibrous scaffolds (electrospun at a voltage of 50 kV, flow rate of 4 mL/h), and 2% mupirocin was designed and fabricated to activate keratinocytes in the wound bed, stimulate cell proliferation, and increase antimicrobial penetration. Results: The diameters of the scaffolds were observed to be in the nanoparticulate range 2.11 ± 0.20 to 3.27 ± 0.10 nm. By 30 min, all the scaffolds had more than 50% of the cumulative concentration of mupirocin released with 51.06 ± 2.104% to 74.66 ± 1.72% of mupirocin released. At 1 h, 80% of the mupirocin in the scaffold was seen to have diffused out of the scaffold. Release of mupirocin was modulated; an initial burst release was followed by sustained release over 2 h. Electrospun keratin/Co Q10/PVA scaffold containing mupirocin showed excellent antimicrobial activity against all the clinical isolates of 2586, Staphylococcus aureus 2590, 2583, 2587, 2555. All the electrospun scaffolds showed higher cell viability values than the control at 48 and 72 h, with the optimized CoQ10 scaffold concentration being 0.05% w/w. Conclusion: Electrospun nanofibers combining the biocompatibility potential of PVA with the bioactive nature of keratin (0.01% w/w) and CoQ10 (0.5% w/w) and the antibacterial property of mupirocin as a new potential for proper wound care was successfully developed. The cell line studies on this electrospun scaffold (PKCM 3) showed their ability to support the growth of keratinocytes hence the potential of developed scaffolds as a wound dressing. In vivo studies to further investigate the applications of the electrospun keratin/Co Q10/PVA nanofibrous scaffold as a wound dressing is however required.

Polymeric Biomaterials for Wound Healing Incorporating Plant Extracts and Extracellular Matrix Components

“…This potential dressing for infected wounds was effective in preventing the proliferation of microorganism. Encapsulation of CoQ10 in nanoliposomes has also been shown to enhance CoQ10 activity by accelerating wound healing process after tooth extraction [24,25]. A reduction in inflammatory reaction and increase in collagen deposition following surgical procedure, were previously obtained in animals when CoQ10 was applied in a form of ointment resulting.…”

“…To accelerate healing processes and decrease the complication occurrence various agents, growth factors, natural and synthetic antioxidants (coenzyme Q10-CoQ10), are applied. Amajuoyi et al incorporated natural ECM matrix co-enzyme Q10 and keratin in electrospun keratin/Co Enzyme Q10/Poly vinyl alcohol nanofibrous scaffold [24]. This potential dressing for infected wounds was effective in preventing the proliferation of microorganism.…”

Screening of polysaccharides from fruit pulp of Ziziphus mauritiana L. and Artocarpus heterophyllus L. as natural mucoadhesives

“…The study of FTIR spectrum for ZM gum is shown in Fig. 6, and it shows a typical absorption band at 3435 cm − 1 which shows the presence of an OH group which is hydrogen-bonded [32]. The bands at 292 cm − 1 shows typical polysaccharide sugars, arabinose, rhamnose, and galactose and shows aldehyde C-H stretch and alkane C-H stretch.…”

Recent Advances in Mupirocin Delivery Strategies for the Treatment of Bacterial Skin and Soft Tissue Infection

“…Nanofibers are excellent, three-dimensional, bioengineered therapeutic materials for the treatment of acute and chronic wounds and burns. These are mainly used as dress-ing material due to their structural and functional resemblance to the fibrillar structure of the native extracellular matrix (ECM), wound healing stimulation, biocompatibility, biodegradability leading to support cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation [62,87]. Nanofibers also protect the wound from external environmental contamination and adsorb the wound exudates, and their porous nature permeates oxygen, moisture, and eliminates the metabolic waste [88,89].…”