To ensure the normal drilling and well site safety, a monitoring system is necessary in air drilling to monitor the real-time information in total drilling. By using the LMS algorithm and adaptive delayed transversal filter, a mathematical model of underground blasting monitoring is established, and an information monitoring system is also developed based on wireless communication and field bus technologies. The system is characterized by miniaturization, lower cost, convenient operation and transportation, powerful function. The experiment results show that this system can not only provide accurate air drilling parameters and stratum information, but also can monitor the real-time contents of flammable, explosive and toxic gas, which provides a guide for the identify of water-oil-gas layer, supervising drilling and preventing the occurrence of safety accidents in well site.