Development of EPS‐rich herbal shampoo base fermented using Cyclea peltata leaf powder and Lactobacillus plantarum

Abstract

Background Studies show that the extensive use of chemical shampoos has a negative impact on health. Given the recent trends, the use of herbal shampoos is gaining importance. Cyclea peltata is a common plant in Kerala's coastal region that has traditionally been used to aid in wound healing, allergy relief, and hair and scalp improvement. Greenly produced silver nanoparticles made from plant sources have a wide range of medical applications. Objective The main objective is to optimize the base of the shampoo with better solid content by OFAT studies and characterize the silver nanoparticles synthesized using post optimized shampoo base. Method Cyclea peltata leaves were fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum for the shampoo formulation, substituting the chemical basis gelatin with an herbal fermented foundation. Silver nanoparticles combined with an herbal formulation should be as safe as herbal shampoo while also being as effective as chemical shampoo. Variation of concentration of Cyclea peltata leaf powder, variation of sucrose concentration, variation of concentration of yeast extract, variation of L. plantarum inoculum, variation of temperature, variation of agitation speed, and variation of time were all studied using the OFAT (One Factor At a Time) method. Silver nanoparticles synthesized using post optimized shampoo bases were also characterized by particle size, zeta potential, and FTIR analysis in order to better understand their properties. Results The results clearly indicated that all the six factors had a significant effect on the growth and production of EPS. The pH considered for the shampoo base is above 5 so as to maintain the acidic mantle of the scalp. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles from post optimized shampoo base were obtained within 17th hour of incubation, with single surface plasmon resonance at 420 nm. Nanoparticles showed a peak at −11.6 mv of zeta potential which means that the particles are less agglomerative and stable. Similar groups were seen in ftir spectrum of fermented silver nanoparticles and the plant extract which confirmed the capping of nanoparticles with plant phytochemicals. Conclusion The study successfully prepared and characterized green synthesized silver nanoparticles from post optimized shampoo base and also optimized the shampoo base based on the EPS production. Characterization of the silver nanoparticles found that the nanoparticles synthesized were stable, less agglomerative, and had several useful components present in it.

Powder shampoo formulation with antioxidant activity: in vitro perspectives

“…The secondary metabolites of plant extracts are known to be enriched with vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, carotenoids and organosulfur compounds (Godeto et al, 2023;Sharifi-Rad et al, 2020), which serve to counter the effects of pro-oxidants, thereby preventing pathologies associated with oxidative stress (Godeto et al, 2023;Saripalla et al, 2021;Sharifi-Rad et al, 2020) as well as aiding in improving hair strength, hair texture, volume and hair growth. Usage of herbs such as aloe vera (Chaitanya & Jaiswal, 2022), Acacia concina (shikakai) (Saripalla et al, 2021), Azadiracta indica (Neem) (Chaitanya & Jaiswal, 2022), Cyclea peltata (raj patha) (Cheni Cheri, Kizhakke Veettil, Pradeep, & Nayak, 2022), Ocimum temple (tulsi) and Phyllanthus emblica (amla) (Saripalla et al, 2021) has proven to be highly beneficial not only as surfactant but also resolving several scalp concerns such as dandruff, seborrhea dermatitis in the shampoo formulation (Chaitanya & Jaiswal, 2022;Cheni Cheri et al, 2022;Saripalla et al, 2021). It could be argued that hair cleansing formulation containing surfactants and functional ingredients in dry or powder format offer the advantage of reduced cost of manufacturing and storage in environmentally friendly containers.…”