Development of Equine IgG Antivenoms against Major Snake Groups in Mozambique

Guidolin, Felipe Raimondi; Caricati, Celso Pereira; Marcelino, José Roberto; Silva, Wilmar Dias da

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004325

Cited by 24 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Currently, the commercial process of obtaining horse antiserum and its derivatives is mature in most countries. The removal of Fc from IgG enables horse F(ab') 2 to be an acceptable immune therapeutic with reduced side effects for complex and intractable diseases, especially snakebites and highly pathogenic infectious diseases (Guidolin et al, 2016;Ratanabanangkoon et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2018a). Even so, some disadvantages limit the wide application of horse F(ab') 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of horse neutralizing immunoglobulin and immunoglobulin fragments against Junín virus

Pan

Wang

et al. 2020

Antiviral Research

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Argentine haemorrhagic fever (AHF) is a rodent-borne disease with a lethality as high as~30%, which is caused by the New World arenavirus, Junín virus (JUNV). It was once a major epidemic in South America and puts millions of people in Argentina at risk. Here, we aimed to develop horse antibodies or antibody fragments against JUNV. Before preparing the horse antibodies, a strategy to efficiently generate horse antisera was established based on comparisons among immunogens and immunization methods in both mice and horses. Antisera against JUNV were finally obtained by vaccinating horses with vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotypes bearing JUNV GP. The horse antibodies IgG and F(ab') 2 were subsequently demonstrated to effectively neutralize vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotypes bearing JUNV GP and to show some cross-neutralization against pathogenic New World arenaviruses. Further research revealed that Asp123 on GP1 is an important site for the binding of antibodies targeting mainly JUNV GP1 for neutralization. Collectively, this study presents an efficient strategy to develop horse antisera against JUNV and provides GP1-specific horse antibodies as potential therapeutics for AHF.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of horse neutralizing immunoglobulin and immunoglobulin fragments against Junín virus

Pan

Wang

et al. 2020

Antiviral Research

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“…Mice were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with myotoxic and a non-lethal dose of BaV (0.5 mg/kg) [46,47] diluted in 200 µL of 0.15 NaCl, pyrogen-free saline. Control mice were injected, also i.p., with an equivalent volume of pyrogen-free 0.15 NaCl saline.…”

Section: Bav Injection and Blood And Peritoneal Exudate Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bitis arietans Snake Venom Induces an Inflammatory Response Which Is Partially Dependent on Lipid Mediators

Megale

Portaro

Silva

2020

Toxins

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Bitis arietans is a snake of medical importance, as it is responsible for more accidents in humans and domestic animals than all other African snakes put together. The accidents are characterized by local and systemic alterations, such as inflammation, cardiovascular and hemostatic disturbances, which can lead victims to death or permanent disability. However, little is known about the envenomation mechanism, especially regarding the inflammatory response, which is related to severe clinical conditions triggered by the venom. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the inflammatory response related to the B. arietans envenomation using a peritonitis mice model. By pharmacological interventions and use of mice genetically deficient of the 5-lipoxygenase enzyme (5-LO−/−) or platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor (PAFR−/− the participation of eicosanoids and PAF in this response was also investigated. The obtained results demonstrated that the venom induces an in vivo inflammatory response, characterized by an early increased vascular permeability, followed by an accumulation of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells in the peritoneal cavity, accompanied by the production of the eicosanoids LTB4, LTC4, TXB2 and PGE2, as well as the local and systemic production of IL-6 and MCP-1. These inflammatory events were attenuated by the pre-treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs that interfere in lipid mediators’ functions. However, 5-LO−/− mice did not show a reduction of inflammatory response induced by the venom, while PAFR−/− mice showed a reduction in both the PMN leukocytes number and the local and systemic production of IL-6 and MCP-1. This study demonstrated that the Bitis arietans venom contains toxins that trigger an inflammatory process, which is partially dependent on lipid mediators, and may contribute to the envenomation pathology.

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“…Кроме того, ряд других производителей предложили свои продукты для региона, которые в настоящее время находятся на разных этапах испытаний: мексиканский Instituto Bioclon S.A. (под-разделение компании Silanes, ориентированной на глобальный фармацевтический рынок) 51 , испанская Inosan Biopharma, бразильский Институт Бутантан (Instituto Butantan) 52 . Поливалентная сыворотка Antivipmyn-Africa мексиканского производства в настоящее время применяется в некоторых странах региона, однако информация о ее клинической эффективности противоречива 53 .…”

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SOCIAL EFFECTS OF “NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES” (on the example of “antivenom crisis”)

Курбанов¹

2018

Vestn. Mosk. univ., Ser. 18 Sociol. politol.

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The article is devoted to the crisis situation in global health connected with the problem of neglected tropical diseases and its social effects. Negative social consequences of this group of diseases, include increase in mortality and disability, are most often due to the fact that their importance for modern society is considered in the context of their epidemiological potential. As a result, diseases that are prevalent in certain regions but are not of an infectious nature can be displaced to the periphery of the health agenda. This fact leads to appropriate modifications in the behavior of international companies that form the global market for biopharmaceuticals. As the example we take the problem of snake bites, which was on June 9, 2017 included by the World Health Organization in the list of "neglected tropical diseases". Since the beginning of the 2000s, in various tropical and subtropical countries, there have been situations called "snake bite crisis" or "serum crisis". Increasing the cost of the main means of therapy for snake bites-specific immunoglobulins (antiserum or antivenins) leads to the fact that the health systems of developing countries are unable to purchase it, and producers lose interest in developing this kind of biopharmaceutical products. Since the early 1980s, several major producers of antivenins-Syntex, Behringwerke AG, Sanofi-Pasteur, Wyeth-have stopped production of them or have completely left the market. This resulted in a deficit of antivenins observed in several regions, which led to the destruction or distortion of the model of interaction between patients and medical structures, the revival of archaic practices that have become an alternative to modern techniques that have shown inefficiency due to the lack of a key component. It is concluded that a qualitative change in the situation is possible only as a result of the coordinated interaction of various groups of actors (representatives of the expert community, biopharmaceutical companies, national governments, health authorities and international organizations, including WHO).

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Development of Equine IgG Antivenoms against Major Snake Groups in Mozambique

Cited by 24 publications

References 30 publications

Development of horse neutralizing immunoglobulin and immunoglobulin fragments against Junín virus

Development of horse neutralizing immunoglobulin and immunoglobulin fragments against Junín virus

Bitis arietans Snake Venom Induces an Inflammatory Response Which Is Partially Dependent on Lipid Mediators

SOCIAL EFFECTS OF “NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES” (on the example of “antivenom crisis”)

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