Development of fast switching photochromic coatings on transparent plastics and glass

Solar radiation glazing factors for window panes, glass structures and electrochromic windows in buildings—Measurement and calculation

“…photochromic windows, thermochromic windows, gasochromic windows, liquid crystal windows and suspended particle (electrophoretic) windows, see e.g. the studies by Adami et al (2010), Anders et al (2008), Baetens et al (2010a), Chen and Lo (2009), Cupelli et al (2009), , Gardiner et al (2009), Georg et al (1998), Huang et al (2012), Lampert (1998Lampert ( , 2003Lampert ( , 2004, Li et al (2012), Mennig et al (1999), Mlyuka et al (2009), Park and Hong (2009), Vergaz et al (2008), Wittwer et al (2004), Ye et al (2012) and Yoshimura et al (2009). Energy performance and life cycle cost of smart windows have been studied by Sekhar and Toon (1998), whereas an eco-efficiency evaluation of a smart window prototype has been performed by Syrrakou et al (2006).…”

Dye-interleaved nanocomposite: Evan's Blue in the lamella of Mg–Al-layered double hydroxide

“…This is because these types of material have better or improved properties than their counterparts, or the property can be tailor-made to a specific application such as in photochemical reaction [1], selective optical transmission [2], photochromic coating [3], controlled release [4], and gene reservoir [5], to name a few.…”

Photochromic dynamics of ophthalmic lenses

“…All materials-except the silicate glass-had a high optical density in the short wavelength region (≤400 nm), which is an intended feature as sunglasses are supposed to block UV light up to 400 nm. This may be due to a specific UV blocker in the glass or due to the absorption of the photochromic compounds, which usually have a high absorption in the range 300-400 nm [9,13,14,16,17]. The organic samples showed an extremely fast darkening reaction while also having a slow bleaching reaction.…”

“…The change of ambient temperature and optical irradiation on the photochromic behavior has been described previously [2,3]. In organic photochromic compounds the polymer matrix in which the dye is embedded also changes the photochromic behavior as photochromicity is a process of change in molecular structure of the dye [9,10,13]. This can be used by manufacturers to tailor the photochromic properties of a material.…”

“…On the other hand, most photochromic systems have a faster reaction at higher temperatures but also a decreasing dynamic range. Several photochromic systems have been described and employed into several applications such as inorganic systems of metal (silver) halide crystallites in glass or organic compounds such as oxazines, pyrans, and fulgides [7][8][9][10]. Several studies in literature provide general data on the properties of photochromic dyes or photochromic glass; additional data are available through various patent publications [1][2][3][4][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”