Development of field programmable gate array–based encryption module to mitigate man-in-the-middle attack for nuclear power plant data communication network

Elakrat, Mohamed Abdallah; Jung, Jae Cheon

doi:10.1016/j.net.2018.01.018

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A growing trend in the modernization of nuclear power plants is splitting digital and analog instrumentation and control [12]. Future research will investigate the cyber security implications of this modernization on non-critical nuclear power plant instrumentation, including the implementation of mitigation techniques involving field programmable gate arrays [7], fault-tolerant operations and self-repairing designs [12]. Additionally, future research will investigate other cyber attacks such as baseline response replay and direct slave control [9] to verify the effectiveness of the mitigation techniques.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyber Security Modeling of Non-Critical Nuclear Power Plant Digital Instrumentation

MacLean¹,

Borrelli²,

Haney³

2019

IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology

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This chapter examines potential attack vectors that exist in a nuclear power plant and correlates the likelihood of an attack from each vector. The focus is on the boron monitoring system, which directly affects the reactivity in the core; cyber attacks on this system can lead to increased core wear, unsafe reactivity levels and poor power performance. A mockup model is developed using open-source software and hardware, which is tested to evaluate the potential of cyber attacks. A man-inthe-middle attack is implemented to demonstrate a cyber attack and its potential effects. Additionally, a redundancy-based cyber attack mitigation method is implemented using a hardware device that compares the input/output values of multiple programmable logic controllers. The approach for modeling general attack and defense steps is applicable to industrial control systems in the energy sector.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyber Security Modeling of Non-Critical Nuclear Power Plant Digital Instrumentation

MacLean¹,

Borrelli²,

Haney³

2019

IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology

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“…Jae Cheon Jung et al, developed a field-programmable gate array security mechanism to minimize information-gathering attacks based on a cryptographic approach to secure data confidentiality and prevent the injection of malware into the vital digital assets data communication system of NPP [113]. In [114], researchers have developed a secure access control scheme based on certificate-less signcryption with a proxy re-encryption scheme which can secure in ROM.…”

Section: ) Cyber-security For Communication Channel Attacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Cyber-Attacks in Power Systems: Impact Analysis, Detection, and Cyber Security

Tatipatri,

Arun

2024

IEEE Access

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Continuous communication and information technology advancements facilitate the modernization of the conventional energy grid into an integrated platform. Internet-of-Things (IoT) incorporates power systems, particularly smart grid features and the delivery of new services from the utility side to the end user over a two-way communication channel. However, severe security vulnerabilities have been created due to over-dependency on IoT based communication systems. In addition, critical information exchange between any two entities or devices is always an appealing target for cyber-attackers, especially with financial interest motive by damaging integrity, confidentiality and authenticity in a communication channel. Maintaining data security and preserving privacy in between two entities during the transmission or any data distribution are essential. The potential attacks and impacts of those attacks need to be investigated to develop an effective cyber security infrastructure. Thus, considerable researchers focused on detection and mitigation of these vulnerable cyber-attacks using advanced computation tools. This review article thoroughly investigated possible ways to address cyber security challenges such as smart meter security, end-users privacy, electricity theft cyber-attacks using blockchain and cryptography against communication attacks in smart grid. The operational impacts of cyber-attacks on power system security, as well as the economic impact on deregulated energy markets, have been extensively explored. In addition, the robustness of security features and cryptographic methods against various cyber-attacks is investigated to suggest unexplored cyber-attacks for future scope. Specially, the study of real-world cyber security events, case studies, new findings and new scopes in diverse power industries are carried out. More than 135 research articles has been examined for this review article. This paper mainly concentrates on distribution-side cyberattacks with impact analysis, detection and protection techniques.

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“…To ensure the confidentiality and integrity of the data in the nuclear power plant. Mohamed Abdallah Elakrat et al [303] developed an encryption-based security model on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to mitigate MitMA. This model uses the AES algorithm with a 128-bit key to encrypt the data.…”

Section: ) Spoofing Attackmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Empirical Study on System Level Aspects of Internet of Things (IoT)

2020

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Internet of Things (IoT) is an integration of the Sensor, Embedded, Computing, and Communication technologies. The purpose of the IoT is to provide seamless services to anything, anytime at any place. IoT technologies play a crucial role everywhere, which brings the fourth revolution of disruptive technologies after the internet and Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The Research & Development community has predicted that the impact of IoT will be more than the internet and ICT on society, which improves the wellbeing of society and industries. Addressing the predominant system-level design aspects like energy efficiency, robustness, scalability, interoperability, and security issues result in the use of a potential IoT system. This paper presents the current state of art of the functional pillars of IoT and its emerging applications to motivate academicians and researches to develop real-time, energy-efficient, scalable, reliable, and secure IoT applications. This paper summarizes the architecture of IoT, with the contemporary status of IoT architectures. Highlights of the IoT system-level issues to develop more advanced real-time IoT applications have been discussed. Millions of devices exchange information using different communication standards, and interoperability between them is a significant issue. This paper provides the current status of the communication standards and application layer protocols used in IoT with the detailed analysis. The computing paradigms like Cloud, Cloudlet, Fog, and Edge computing facilitate IoT with various services like data offloading, resource and device management, etc. In this paper, an exhaustive analysis of Edge Computing in IoT with different edge computing architectures and existing status are deliberated. The widespread adoption of IoT in society has resulted in privacy and security issues. This paper emphasizes on analyzing the security challenges, privacy and security threats, conventional mitigation techniques, and further scope for IoT security. The features like fewer memory footprints, scheduling, real-time task execution, fewer interrupt, and thread switching latency of Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS) enables the development of time critical IoT applications. Also, this review offers the analysis of the RTOS's suitable for IoT with the current status and networking stack. Finally, open research issues in IoT system development are discussed.

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Development of field programmable gate array–based encryption module to mitigate man-in-the-middle attack for nuclear power plant data communication network

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Cyber Security Modeling of Non-Critical Nuclear Power Plant Digital Instrumentation

Cyber Security Modeling of Non-Critical Nuclear Power Plant Digital Instrumentation

A Comprehensive Review on Cyber-Attacks in Power Systems: Impact Analysis, Detection, and Cyber Security

An Empirical Study on System Level Aspects of Internet of Things (IoT)

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