Development of Flow Fields for Zinc Slurry Air Flow Batteries

Choi, Nak Heon; Olmo, Diego del; Fischer, P.; Pinkwart, Karsten; Tübke, Jens

doi:10.3390/batteries6010015

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The CCE was placed between the membranes and the cathode bipolar plate. The Zn slurry ( Table 6 ) was prepared using the same method and chemicals as in a previous study [ 65 ]. Each solution was mixed at 4000 rpm for 3 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pristine and Modified Porous Membranes for Zinc Slurry–Air Flow Battery

et al. 2021

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The membrane is a crucial component of Zn slurry–air flow battery since it provides ionic conductivity between the electrodes while avoiding the mixing of the two compartments. Herein, six commercial membranes (Cellophane™ 350PØØ, Zirfon®, Fumatech® PBI, Celgard® 3501, 3401 and 5550) were first characterized in terms of electrolyte uptake, ion conductivity and zincate ion crossover, and tested in Zn slurry–air flow battery. The peak power density of the battery employing the membranes was found to depend on the in-situ cell resistance. Among them, the cell using Celgard® 3501 membrane, with in-situ area resistance of 2 Ω cm2 at room temperature displayed the highest peak power density (90 mW cm−2). However, due to the porous nature of most of these membranes, a significant crossover of zincate ions was observed. To address this issue, an ion-selective ionomer containing modified poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO) and N-spirocyclic quaternary ammonium monomer was coated on a Celgard® 3501 membrane and crosslinked via UV irradiation (PPO-3.45 + 3501). Moreover, commercial FAA-3 solutions (FAA, Fumatech) were coated for comparison purpose. The successful impregnation of the membrane with the anion-exchange polymers was confirmed by SEM, FTIR and Hg porosimetry. The PPO-3.45 + 3501 membrane exhibited 18 times lower zincate ions crossover compared to that of the pristine membrane (5.2 × 10−13 vs. 9.2 × 10−12 m2 s−1). With low zincate ions crossover and a peak power density of 66 mW cm−2, the prepared membrane is a suitable candidate for rechargeable Zn slurry–air flow batteries.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pristine and Modified Porous Membranes for Zinc Slurry–Air Flow Battery

et al. 2021

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“…The electrochemical characterization of the slurries was conducted using an in-house designed single cell presented in our previous study [5]. It comprises bipolar plates with a geometric active area of 25 cm 2 , a separator, gaskets, and current collectors enclosed by two end plates.…”

Section: Cell Design and Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the charging voltage was higher than 2 V, the positive side bipolar plate was made of CuNi alloy, whereas the negative electrode bipolar plate was made of graphite to minimize zinc plating on it. The flow fields for both bipolar plates were serpentine as described in our previous study [5]. The CCE was placed between the positive-side bipolar plate and the porous membrane separator (Cellophane™ PØØ purchased from FUTAMURA, Hamburg, Germany).…”

Section: Cell Design and Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the power density is determined by the electrode size and material. Different types of RFB systems are under investigation, such as vanadium-based, hydrogen-bromine, and organic RFB couples [4][5][6]. Using zinc as an active metal is very attractive, due to its abundance and low cost, including the electrolyte component, such as potassium hydroxide and zinc oxide [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this same study, rechargeability tests were performed with an efficiency of 79% at 0.5 mA cm −2 , and it was proved that charge transfer resistance was reduced by using GPEs. As a result of its mechanical properties (see J. M. Piau [23]), and chemical stability [22], PAA has already been used to formulate Zn slurries [5], and further investigations are being made to assess its performance as a gelling agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Carbon Additives towards Rechargeable Zinc Slurry Air Flow Batteries

et al. 2020

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The performance of redox flow batteries is notably influenced by the electrolyte, especially in slurry-based flow batteries, as it serves as both an ionic conductive electrolyte and a flowing electrode. In this study, carbon additives were introduced to achieve a rechargeable zinc slurry flow battery by minimizing the zinc plating on the bipolar plate that occurs during charging. When no carbon additive was present in the zinc slurry, the discharge current density was 24 mA∙cm−2 at 0.6 V, while the use of carbon additives increased it to up to 38 mA∙cm−2. The maximum power density was also increased from 16 mW∙cm−2 to 23 mW∙cm−2. Moreover, the amount of zinc plated on the bipolar plate during charging decreased with increasing carbon content in the slurry. Rheological investigation revealed that the elastic modulus and yield stress are directly proportional to the carbon content in the slurry, which is beneficial for redox flow battery applications, but comes at the expense of an increase in viscosity (two-fold increase at 100 s−1). These results show how the use of conductive additives can enhance the energy density of slurry-based flow batteries.

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Feasibility Study of a Novel Secondary Zinc‐Flow Battery as Stationary Energy Storage System: From Design to Environmental Assessment

Genthe,

Bockelmann,

Minke

et al. 2024

Energy Tech

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Herein, a zinc‐air flow battery (ZAFB) as an environmentally friendly and inexpensive energy storage system is investigated. For this purpose, an optimized ZAFB for households is designed based on the most recent publications, and an economic and ecological analysis of the system is carried out. The results show that the customer price of the designed ZAFB is estimated at ≈5000 € and is thus about one‐third lower than the quoted price for a comparable vanadium flow battery (VFB). The carbon footprint (CF) analysis shows that especially the alkaline electrolyte and the silver‐containing gas diffusion electrode have a high share of the greenhouse gas emissions of the ZAFB system. However, the CF is 41% lower than that of the VFB, highlighting the great potential of the ZAFB as an alternative home storage system.

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Development of Flow Fields for Zinc Slurry Air Flow Batteries

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Pristine and Modified Porous Membranes for Zinc Slurry–Air Flow Battery

Pristine and Modified Porous Membranes for Zinc Slurry–Air Flow Battery

Use of Carbon Additives towards Rechargeable Zinc Slurry Air Flow Batteries

Feasibility Study of a Novel Secondary Zinc‐Flow Battery as Stationary Energy Storage System: From Design to Environmental Assessment

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