Development of formaldehyde-free bio-board produced from mushroom mycelium and substrate waste

Exploring Various Promising Green Strategy for Recycling Spend Mushroom Substrate through Destop Research Analysis

“…penetrate to form tight nets of cohesion and incoherent material within the SMS matrix which enhance the adhesive and bonding resulting in a strong bio-composite [19]. In addition, these thick mycelium layers also showed good water resistance properties.…”

“…This ash can be used as a chemical activator to enhance the pozzolanic reactivity of pulverized fuel ash in the cement industry [20]. According to Khoo et al [19] the SMS is used in the formulation of bioblocks, and during hot-compression process, the solid white mycelium melt and then penetrate to form tight nets of cohesion and incoherent material within the SMS matrix which enhance the adhesive and bonding resulting in a strong bio-composite. The SMS have also been used in manufacturing of biodegradable bioblocks which is done using a green synthesis approach and the mycelium as a natural adhesive material [22].…”

“…Various studies on the production of biodegradable and sustainable feedstock are on an increase, with the aim to replace petroleum-based materials commonly used for single-or multi-use packaging applications [24]. A study by Khoo et al [19] reported on different types of spent mushroom substrates that were compressed with specific designed mould with optimal temperature at 160°C and 10mPa for 20min to produce bio-boards. In addition, biobords made from Ganoderma lucidum SMS displayed the highest internal bonding strength up to 2.51mPa [19].…”

“…A study by Khoo et al [19] reported on different types of spent mushroom substrates that were compressed with specific designed mould with optimal temperature at 160°C and 10mPa for 20min to produce bio-boards. In addition, biobords made from Ganoderma lucidum SMS displayed the highest internal bonding strength up to 2.51mPa [19]. Among other importance of the SMS was the density profile which is very light, buoyant, and highly hydrophilic making it an idea material for both construction and packaging.…”

Exploring Various Promising Green Strategy for Recycling Spend Mushroom Substrate through Destop Research Analysis

“…There is a new trend that replaces the current chemical adhesives with bio-based adhesives to reduce the use of toxic materials in the automotive and building materials. This is because new furniture releases formaldehyde levels up to more than 0.3ppm and this causes health problems [19]. Mycelium can be used as green adhesive material instead of the synthetic adhesive in wood production.…”