Development of Graphene Oxide/Polyaniline Inks for High Performance Flexible Microsupercapacitors via Extrusion Printing

Abstract

Extrusion printing of interdigitated electrodes for flexible microsupercapacitors (fMSCs) offers an attractive route to the fabrication of flexible devices where cost, scalability, and processability of ink formulations are critical. In this work, highly concentrated, viscous, and water-dispersible inks are developed based on graphene oxide (GO)/polyaniline (PANi) composite for extrusion printing. The optimized GO/PANi-based all-solid-state symmetric fMSCs obtained by extrusion printing interdigitated microelectrodes can deliver outstanding areal capacitance of 153.6 mF cm-2 and volumetric capacitance of 19.2 F cm-3 at 5 mV s-1. It is shown that by fabricating asymmetric fMSCs using the GO/PANi as positive electrode and a graphene-based negative electrode, the voltage window can be widened from 0.8 to 1.2 V and improvements can be achieved in energy density (from 3.36 to 4.83 mWh cm-3), power density (from 9.82 to 25.3 W cm-3), and cycling stability (from 75% to 100% capacitance retention over 5000 cycles) compared with the symmetric counterpart. The simple ink preparation and facile device fabrication protocols reported here make the scalable fabrication of extrusion printed fMSCs a promising technology.

3D‐Printed Stretchable Micro‐Supercapacitor with Remarkable Areal Performance

“…Extrusion‐based 3D printing has recently emerged as an effective and reliable method of constructing such MSCs with high printing resolution . Using this technique, a high areal specific capacitance up to 153.6 mF cm −2 has been reported in a 3D‐printed macroporous MSC with an ordered honeycomb architecture composed of 80 µm thick porous electrodes . More importantly, this 3D macroporous monolith with ordered honeycomb architecture exhibited structural stability under deformation when the 3D network was imbued with elastomer .…”

Direct Graphene‐Carbon Nanotube Composite Ink Writing All‐Solid‐State Flexible Microsupercapacitors with High Areal Energy Density

“…Because the electrode materials play the crucial role in determining the areal energy density of MSCs, numerous efforts have been devoted to develop the high‐performance electrode materials, such as graphene, [ 10–12 ] carbon nanotube (CNT), [ 9,13 ] activated carbon, [ 9,14 ] transition metal oxide/hydroxide, [ 2,9,15–20 ] and conductive polymer. [ 9,21–23 ] Among these materials, graphene has attracted great attention, thanks to its high surface‐to‐volume ratio, promising theoretical capacitance, and good intrinsic electrical and mechanical properties. [ 10,24–27 ] Several strategies have been developed to prepare the patterns for the graphene‐based electrodes of MSCs.…”

Advances on three‐dimensional electrodes for micro‐supercapacitors: A mini‐review

“…In terms of homogeneous electrodes based MSC devices, achieving high energy density by nanostructuring of high‐loading carbonaceous materials is highly practical and feasible (Table ) . Some key fabrication approaches such as 3D printing, 3D lithography, and laser‐etching techniques ensure the production of carbonaceous materials with 3D architecture. Typically, Kim and co‐workers reported the MSCs based on micrometer‐thick boron‐doped 3D porous carbon pattern (B‐3D‐PCP) electrodes, which were fabricated by 3D reference lithography and carbonization with B doping process .…”