Development of green methodologies for Heck, Chan–Lam, Stille and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions

Recent trends in the chemistry of Sandmeyer reaction: a review

“…Literature study reveals the importance of metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions which are extensively used in organic synthesis and in pharmaceutical industry. These reactions are carried out by the treatment of various organic halides with a suitable coupling partner using a variety of catalysts and ligands [15][16][17][18][19]. Sandmeyer approach, first discovered in 1884 by Sandmeyer [20,21], is one of these metal-catalyzed reactions which effectively converts benzenediazonium salts into bromo-, chlorobenzene, benzonitriles, etc., in the presence of different copper catalysts.…”

Transition‐Metal‐Free C−S, C−Se, and C−Te Bond Formation from Organoboron Compounds

“…[8] Therefore, chemists have sought alternative coupling strategies that are metal-free, sustainable, and economically viable to obviate the necessity of expensive and toxic reagents. [9] Developing new organic molecules containing heteroatom is a pervasive area. Hence, synthesizing organochalcogen compounds [sulfur (S), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te)] has proven to be a promising alternative given the interesting biological activities of these compounds, [10] including antioxidant, [11] antidepressant, [12] antiparasitic, [13] anticholinesterase, [ 14] antinociceptive, [15] anxiolytic effects, [16] and enzyme modulator activity (Figure 1).…”

Stille coupling for the synthesis of isoflavones by a reusable palladium catalyst in water

“…[56,57] The Stille coupling is one of the most powerful palladium-catalyzed reactions to build a new C C bond. [58][59][60] Organostannanes are moisture and O 2 stable and have tolerance toward a great variety of functional groups. Hence, they can be handled under air and harsh reaction conditions.…”