Development of HCNG Blended Fuel Engine with Control of NOx Emissions

Experimental investigation of the effect of spark plug gap on a hydrogen fueled SI engine

“…One of the principal advantages that hydrogen fuel has the wide flammability limits (Table 1) [29]. These wide limits allow that the combustion occurs with different equivalence ratios, in particular with slightly lean mixtures, which makes relatively easy to operate an engine with hydrogen.…”

“…Also, operating conditions at increased engine speed and engine load are more prone to the occurrence of pre-ignition due to higher gas and component temperatures. Measures to avoid pre-ignition include proper spark plug design, design of the ignition system with low residual charge, specifically designed crankcase ventilation, sodium-filled exhaust valves as well as Table 1 e Hydrogen properties compared with methane and gasoline properties [29]. i n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f h y d r o g e n e n e r g y 3 7 ( 2 0 1 2 ) 1 7 3 1 0 e1 7 3 2 0 optimized design of the engine cooling passages to avoid hot spots [32].…”

Frontiers in combustion techniques and burner designs for emissions control and CO2capture: A review

“…As H 2 has a higher heating value per unit mass compared with other hydrocarbon fuels, it has been used as rocket propellant since the 1950s for spaceexploration uses. 104 Patil et al 105 reported that the power of a LPM engine fueled by compressed natural gas increased by 11% and the fuel consumption decreased by 8% with hydrogen enrichment, as compared with operation of the same engine with compressed natural gas only. Its efficient extraction in bulk quantities from these resources is a challenging task.…”

Use of Hydrogen-Methane Blends in Internal Combustion Engines

“…An overall comparison of the properties of hydrogen, CNG, and 5 % HCNG blend by energy and gasoline is given in Table 1. It is to be noted that the properties of HCNG lie in between those of hydrogen and CNG [4]. Table 1.…”

“…However, several obstacles have to be overcome before the commercialization of hydrogen as an IC engine fuel for the automotive sector. Hydrogen and CNG blends (HCNG) may be considered as an automotive fuel without requiring any major modification in the existing CNG engine and infrastructure [4]. Fossil fuel consumption from 1983 to 2008 with approximate current reserves-to-production ratios in remaining years [3].…”