Development of HDPE composites with improved mechanical properties using calcium carbonate and NanoClay

Awan, Muhammad Owais; Shakoor, Abdul; Rehan, Muhammad; Gill, Yasir Qayyum

doi:10.1016/j.physb.2020.412568

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is known that there is a strong relationship between the mechanical properties of the samples and their microstructure. Because the higher‐density network restricts the movement of the chains in the application of stress, there is less stress in the material, which means an increase in Young's modulus 32 . Furthermore, the degree of curing may vary depending on the density of the materials and the curing temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red mud waste/nanoclay/polystyrene‐modified epoxy hybrid composites: Mechanical, thermal, and flammability properties

Özmeral

Soydal

Kocaman

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, bisphenol A-type epoxy (ER) and epoxy phenol novolac resins (EPN) with two amine-type curing agents (KH 816 and IPOX EH 2041) having different total amine values were selected. The mechanical properties and density of the EPN resin were found higher in the case of both curing agents. EPN was modified with polystyrene (EPN-PS) and used as a matrix using an IPOX hardener. Nano-and hybrid composites were prepared with pristine and modified with tetramethylammonium chloride nano montmorillonite (NC and MNC), and red mud waste (RMW). The chemical structure was elucidated by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Appropriate PS and NC ratio was accepted as 4% and 2% by weight, respectively. Curing degrees calculated from the FT-IR spectra of ER, EPN, and EPN-PS were 99.3%, 99.9%, and 86.5%, respectively. A comparative study of the two binary systems; (i) 2 wt% NC-(15-35) wt% RMW; and (ii) 2 wt% of MNC-(15-35) wt% of RMW on the mechanical, thermal, and flammability properties of EPN-PS matrix was carried out. The appropriate RMW ratio was 30 wt%. Hybrid composites with 25-30 wt% RMW can be considered self-extinguishing materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red mud waste/nanoclay/polystyrene‐modified epoxy hybrid composites: Mechanical, thermal, and flammability properties

Özmeral

Soydal

Kocaman

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Likewise, Asadi et al [ 51 ] reported a 37% increase in tensile strength of PLA/clay/CaCO 3 with a significant reduction of elongation at break as against neat and single‐filled PLA. Higher tensile modulus and strength, elongation at break, and fracture toughness were indicated in Awan et al [ 52 ] with the simultaneous addition of CaCO 3 and nanoclay into HDPE. In a recent work, it was noted that clay plays a more significant role in altering the properties of PP/clay/CaCO 3 nanocomposites compared to CaCO 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Synergetic impacts of two rigid nano‐scale inclusions on the mechanical and thermal performance of POM/carbon black/CaCO₃ ternary nanocomposite systems

2022

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In the present contribution, the mechanical and thermal characteristics of polyoxymethylene (POM)/carbon black (CB)/CaCO3 (NCC) ternary nanocomposites were assessed through mechanical tests and morphological observations. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs indicated the uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the matrix. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) revealed a promotion of elastic response and lower energy dissipation in ternary nanocomposites against neat POM and single‐filled POM/CB samples. Tensile strength results showed the increase of tensile modulus and strength by 27% and 8% for the ternary nanocomposite compared to binary POM/CB. Flexural and impact properties were also enhanced with the inclusion of NCC as a second rigid phase. SEM observations of impact‐fractured surfaces at high magnifications revealed full and partial debonding of nanoparticles from the matrix and consequent cavitation in the matrix, which mainly contributed to impact toughening. Hashin‐Shtrikman model was employed to analyze its efficiency to predict Young's modulus of ternary nanocomposite systems.

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“…Titanium oxide (as white pigment) [60] and carbon black (as black pigment) [61] are most commonly used as pigments in the plastics industry. Calcium carbonate and silica are often used as mineral fillers in many plastics products [62]. Sodium and chlorine in end-of-life plastic occur mainly due to the adsorption of salts from food residues and PVC labels.…”

Section: Virgin and End-of-life Hdpe Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical recycling of end-of-life and virgin HDPE: A pilot-scale study

Abbas-Abadi

Zayoud²,

Kusenberg³

et al. 2022

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Development of HDPE composites with improved mechanical properties using calcium carbonate and NanoClay

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Red mud waste/nanoclay/polystyrene‐modified epoxy hybrid composites: Mechanical, thermal, and flammability properties

Red mud waste/nanoclay/polystyrene‐modified epoxy hybrid composites: Mechanical, thermal, and flammability properties

Synergetic impacts of two rigid nano‐scale inclusions on the mechanical and thermal performance of POM/carbon black/CaCO₃ ternary nanocomposite systems

Thermochemical recycling of end-of-life and virgin HDPE: A pilot-scale study

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Development of HDPE composites with improved mechanical properties using calcium carbonate and NanoClay

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Red mud waste/nanoclay/polystyrene‐modified epoxy hybrid composites: Mechanical, thermal, and flammability properties

Red mud waste/nanoclay/polystyrene‐modified epoxy hybrid composites: Mechanical, thermal, and flammability properties

Synergetic impacts of two rigid nano‐scale inclusions on the mechanical and thermal performance of POM/carbon black/CaCO3 ternary nanocomposite systems

Thermochemical recycling of end-of-life and virgin HDPE: A pilot-scale study

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Synergetic impacts of two rigid nano‐scale inclusions on the mechanical and thermal performance of POM/carbon black/CaCO₃ ternary nanocomposite systems