Development of Herpes Simplex Virus Infectious Epithelial Keratitis During Oral Acyclovir Therapy and Response to Topical Antivirals

Carter, Stuart B.; Cohen, Elisabeth J.

doi:10.1097/ico.0000000000000806

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…80 Progression of HSV vesicular blepharitis to keratoconjunctivitis may not be adequately halted by oral antiviral treatment alone. 81 Therefore, adding topical antivirals can be considered. Early detection of conjunctivitis associated with neoplasms may be lifesaving.…”

Section: Management Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conjunctivitis Preferred Practice Pattern®

Varu¹,

et al. 2019

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Section: Management Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…232 Oral antivirals alone may not be adequate in preventing the progression of HSV blepharoconjunctivitis, but the addition of topical antiviral treatment has been effective. 81 Lower doses of oral antivirals are considered for long-term prophylaxis against recurrent HSV keratitis.…”

Section: Herpes Simplex Virus Conjunctivitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjunctivitis Preferred Practice Pattern®

Varu¹,

et al. 2019

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“…Herpetic keratouveitis generally follows a chronic course and represents a major cause of blindness worldwide [ 7 ]. Antiviral drugs targeting viral DNA replication, i.e., guanosine analogues, together with corticosteroids to mitigate the inflammatory processes, are used as therapeutic approaches during herpetic infection [ 8 , 9 ]. These synthetic drugs are associated with several side effects, and their prolonged use favors drug resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Understanding of the Antiviral Properties of Pistachios and Zeaxanthin against HSV-1

Pennisi

Trischitta

Tamburello

et al. 2023

Viruses

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The search for alternative clinical treatments to fight resistance and find alternative antiviral treatments for the herpes simplex virus (HSV) is of great interest. Plants are rich sources of novel antiviral, pharmacologically active agents that provide several advantages, including reduced side effects, less resistance, low toxicity, and different mechanisms of action. In the present work, the antiviral activity of Californian natural raw (NRRE) and roasted unsalted (RURE) pistachio polyphenols-rich extracts was evaluated against HSV-1 using VERO cells. Two different extraction methods, with or without n-hexane, were used. Results showed that n-hexane-extracted NRRE and RURE exerted an antiviral effect against HSV-1, blocking virus binding on the cell surface, affecting viral DNA synthesis as well as accumulation of ICP0, UL42, and Us11 viral proteins. Additionally, the identification and quantification of phenolic compounds by RP-HPLC-DAD confirmed that extraction with n-hexane exclusively accumulated tocopherols, carotenoids, and xanthophylls. Amongst these, zeaxanthin exhibited strong antiviral activity against HSV-1 (CC50: 16.1 µM, EC50 4.08 µM, SI 3.96), affecting both the viral attachment and penetration and viral DNA synthesis. Zeaxanthin is a dietary carotenoid that accumulates in the retina as a macular pigment. The use of pistachio extracts and derivates should be encouraged for the topical treatment of ocular herpetic infections.

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