Development of high-performance organic photodetectors by understanding origin of dark current density with synthesis of photoconductive polymers

Jeong, WonJo; Kang, Jinhyeon; Lee, Dong‐Chan; Shin, Cheol; Ahn, Hyungju; So, Chan; Won, Jong Ho; Chung, Dae Sung; Cho, Shinuk; Jung, In Hwan

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2023.145178

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…POTB was synthesized as a green-selective polymer donor according to the literature, and the molecular structure is shown in Figure S1. Two N-PDI-terminated SMAs were synthesized as electron acceptors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…47 The p−n BHJ OPDs were fabricated by blending a polymer donor with synthesized SMAs ■ RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Material Characterization. POTB was synthesized as a green-selective polymer donor according to the literature, 48 and the molecular structure is shown in Figure S1. Two N-PDI-terminated SMAs were synthesized as electron acceptors.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of n-Type Small-Molecule Acceptors for Low Dark Current Density and Fast Response Organic Photodetectors

Kim,

Kang,

Kim

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of n-Type Small-Molecule Acceptors for Low Dark Current Density and Fast Response Organic Photodetectors

Kim,

Kang,

Kim

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Given the output voltage (or current) generated by the radiation power projected onto the sensitive components of the detector is exactly equal to the noise voltage (or current) of the detector itself, this radiation power is treated as noise equivalent power (NEP). [33,34] It is also referred as the minimum detectable limit, which is the least amount of radiation power that the detector can identify and can be obtained from the equation of NEP = S n /R , where S n is the noise power density. [35] Figure 2d shows S n as a function of frequency at −0.1 V, wherein the device processed with IC-Br shows lower S n values that are more approaching the background noise.…”

Section: Performance Of Opdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Fibrillar Network and Molecular Crystallization via Volatile Solid Additives Enable Efficient Near‐Infrared Organic Photodetectors

Quan,

Wu,

Fink

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

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Controlling the phase separation and domain purity of organic semiconductors to form well‐developed nanoscale morphology optimization in the bulk‐heterojunction active layer is critical yet challenging for building high‐performance organic photodetectors. Herein, an effective morphology controlling method by applying a small molecule IC‐Br as the solid additive is demonstrated, which can effectively restrict the overmix of the PTzBI‐Si:IEICO‐4F in the process of film formation. The film processed with IC‐Br formed well‐developed nanoscale phase separation with bi‐continuous interpenetrating networks, which exhibited enhanced π–π stacking and the improved domain purity of the IEICO‐4F phase, resulting in a significant decrease in the density of the trap state compared to the pristine film. Consequently, the device processed with IC‐Br additive enabled a high specific detectivity of 3.8 × 1013 Jones at 860 nm under −0.1 V associated with the improved linear dynamic range and response speed, indicating the strong visible‐to‐near infrared detecting capability and potential for practical applications. The morphology optimization strategy established in this work may offer unprecedented opportunities to build state‐of‐the‐art OPDs.

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“…Organic photodetectors (OPDs) have attracted significant interest from both academia and industry due to their excellent optoelectronic performance, solution processability, tunable response range, and large-area fabrication. − With the development of optoelectronics technology, OPDs have broad application in fields such as biomedical imaging, optical communications, and environmental monitoring. − One of the most significant advantages of OPDs is their synthetic flexibility, which allows for the preparation of different p/n-type organic semiconductors through design and combination of building blocks. This feature can be used to customize various performance parameters of OPDs, such as dark current, detectivity ( D* ), and spectral selectivity. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorinated Conjugated Polymers Enabled Enhanced Detectivity in Organic Near-Infrared Photodetectors

Tu,

Yao,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Halogen substitution is often used to regulate the photoelectric properties of conjugated polymers (CPs). In particular, fluorine substitution can not only regulate the energy level of CPs but also improve their crystallinity, trap density, and mobility. However, the correlation between the molecule structure of fluorinated CPs and performance of organic photodetectors (OPDs) still remains unclear and is influenced by complex factors. In this work, we have systematically investigated the effect of fluorinated building blocks in CPs on the performance of OPDs specifically considering the number of fluorine (F) atoms. We found that increasing the number of fluorine atoms in CPs gradually deepened their highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels. Notably, PFBDB-T-2F with four F substitutions exhibited a deep HOMO (−5.73 eV) close to the acceptor (−5.75 eV), effectively blocking minority carrier injection from the electrodes and inhibiting dark current (J dark). Consequently, the OPDs based on PFBDB-T-2F demonstrated nearly 3 orders of magnitude higher detectivity (D* = 1.06 × 1013 Jones) compared to that without fluorination. Furthermore, a trade-off between D* and responsivity (R) was observed in OPDs based on the fluorinated CPs. The excessively deep HOMO level in PFBDB-T-2F and the large phase separation of the blend film reduce the carrier collection efficiency of the device and thus decrease the R of PFBDB-T-2F-based OPDs. These findings expose the importance of carefully managing the number of fluorine atoms in the backbone of CPs to achieve a balance between detectivity and responsivity in OPDs.

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Development of high-performance organic photodetectors by understanding origin of dark current density with synthesis of photoconductive polymers

Cited by 12 publications

References 66 publications

Development of n-Type Small-Molecule Acceptors for Low Dark Current Density and Fast Response Organic Photodetectors

Development of n-Type Small-Molecule Acceptors for Low Dark Current Density and Fast Response Organic Photodetectors

Enhanced Fibrillar Network and Molecular Crystallization via Volatile Solid Additives Enable Efficient Near‐Infrared Organic Photodetectors

Fluorinated Conjugated Polymers Enabled Enhanced Detectivity in Organic Near-Infrared Photodetectors

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