Development of highly conductive nanodomains in poly(3-hexylthiophene) films studied by conductive atomic force microscopy

Osaka, Miki; Benten, Hiroaki; Lee, Li‐Ting; Ohkita, Hideo; Ito, Shinzaburo

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2013.04.061

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…It is known that there is a strong dependence of the charge transport4748 and energy level alignment49 on the local packing. P3HT thin films contain crystalline areas, formed by π - π interchain stacking, that are surrounded by an amorphous matrix34. The structure of the first nanometers is expected to be different from the bulk of the film50.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge transport in nanoscale vertical organic semiconductor pillar devices

Wilbers

Bobbert

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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We report charge transport measurements in nanoscale vertical pillar structures incorporating ultrathin layers of the organic semiconductor poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). P3HT layers with thickness down to 5 nm are gently top-contacted using wedging transfer, yielding highly reproducible, robust nanoscale junctions carrying high current densities (up to 106 A/m2). Current-voltage data modeling demonstrates excellent hole injection. This work opens up the pathway towards nanoscale, ultrashort-channel organic transistors for high-frequency and high-current-density operation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge transport in nanoscale vertical organic semiconductor pillar devices

Wilbers

Bobbert

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…In particularly, the peak at 555 nm belongs to the vibronic absorption of extended conjugation lengths, resulting from the ordered packing of P3HT backbones which is normally observed in P3HT thin film. 34 The peak at 605 nm is the result of inter chain transition of P3HT and its intensity is correlated to the degree of local inter-chain order. 19 The higher is the crystalline order, the stronger is the intensity of this peak.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient hole transport material composite based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) and bamboo-structured carbon nanotubes for high performance perovskite solar cells

et al. 2015

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In this work, we have developed a new efficient hole transport material (HTM) composite based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and bamboo-structure carbon nanotubes (BCN) for CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 (MAPbI 3 ) based perovskite solar cells. Compared to pristine P3HT, it is found that the crystallinity of P3HT was significantly improved by addition of BCN, which led to over one order of magnitude higher conductivity for the composite containing 1-2wt% BCN in P3HT. In the meantime, the interfacial charge transfer between the MAPbI 3 light absorbing layer and the HTM composite layer based on the P3HT/BCNs was two-fold faster than pristine P3HT. More importantly, the HTM film with superior morphological structure consisting of closely compact large grains was achieved with the composite containing 1wt% BCNs in P3HT. The study by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy has confirmed that the electron recombination in the solar cells was reduced nearly ten-fold with the addition of 1wt% carbon nanotubes in the HTM composite. Owing to the superior HTM film morphology and the significantly reduced charge recombination, the energy conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cells increased from 3.6% for pristine P3HT to 8.3% for P3HT/(1wt% BCNs) with a significantly enhanced open circuit voltage (V oc ) and fill factor (FF). The findings of this work are important for development of new HTM for high performance of perovskite solar cells.

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“…In these measurements, Au-coated silicon probes (PPP-CONTAu, NANOSENSORS, Switzerland; tip radius: <50 nm; spring constant: 0.2-0.25 N m −1 ) were used to ensure that holes were the major carriers of the current. 21,25 A sample bias was applied to the ITO substrate, and the probe was grounded.…”

Section: C-afm Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spatially inhomogeneous current distribution in the as-cast neat P3HT film, with relatively low conductive regions and high conductive domains, was attributed to the regions of relatively low and high density of P3HT nanocrystallites in the film as previously reported. 25,26 The topographical images of the blend film show distinct phase-separated structures consisting of connected domains. On the other hand, the hole-current images of the blend film clearly show two phases: an electrically conductive region and a non-conductive region.…”

Section: Photoluminescence Quenching Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermixed Donor/Acceptor Region in Conjugated Polymer Blends Visualized by Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy

et al. 2017

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The charge-transport characteristics of phase-separated blend films of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT; electron donor) and poly[2,7-(9,9-didodecylfluorene)-alt-5,5-(4′,7′-bis(2-thienyl)-2′,1′,3′-benzothiadiazole)] (PF12TBT; electron acceptor) were visualized by conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). The C-AFM hole-current images clearly showed two phasesan electrically conductive region assigned to the P3HT-rich donor domain and a non-conductive region assigned to the PF12TBT-rich acceptor domain. The hole current in the conductive region was small compared with that of a neat P3HT film with similar thickness, indicating that the P3HT-rich domain contained a large fraction of PF12TBT as a minor component. Thermal annealing initially increased the hole current throughout the P3HT-rich domain because of reorganization of the P3HT chains from their as-cast configurations. Further annealing increased the hole current mainly in the middle of the P3HT-rich domain, but it decreased the hole current in the boundary areas close to the PF12TBT-rich domain owing to the presence of an intermixed region with a gradient of the P3HT/PF12TBT composition ratio. After annealing at temperatures above the glass-transition point of PF12TBT, the widths of the intermixed regions decreased to ~30 nm as phase separation proceeded with decomposition of the intermixed region. Such variations in the intermixed region, which were electrically resolved by the C-AFM, accounted for the temperature dependence of the photovoltaic properties of P3HT/PF12TBT blend solar cells.3

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Development of highly conductive nanodomains in poly(3-hexylthiophene) films studied by conductive atomic force microscopy

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Charge transport in nanoscale vertical organic semiconductor pillar devices

Charge transport in nanoscale vertical organic semiconductor pillar devices

An efficient hole transport material composite based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) and bamboo-structured carbon nanotubes for high performance perovskite solar cells

Intermixed Donor/Acceptor Region in Conjugated Polymer Blends Visualized by Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy

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