Development of Hymenaea Courbaril Seedlings in Function of Containers and Irrigation Blades

Abstract

-The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of container sizes and irrigation levels on "jatoba" (Hymenaea courbaril L.) seedlings development. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse from September 2010 to March 2011. The design was in randomized blocks, with three replications in split plots, in a 2 x 5 scheme. Two container sizes (rigid pots of 3.1 L and stiff plastic tubes of 4.0 L) were used in the plots, while five drip irrigation levels (20%, 40%, 60% 80% and 100% of potential evapotranspiration -ETp) were used in the subplots. The irrigations were accomplished daily. Each subplot was constituted by eight seedlings. In the period from 80 to 200 days after sowing (DAS), the seedling height (AM), stem diameter (DC), leaves number (NF), leaf area (AF), dry matter mass of roots (MSR) and seedling (MSM) and relation between root dry matter mass and aerial part (MSR/ MSPA) were evaluated. The stiff plastic tube provided larger ETp, in comparison with the rigid pot and, consequently, more developed seedlings. Irrigation levels from 90% to 100% of ETp provided more vigorous seedlings. The increase of water deficit reduces all the parameters of jatoba seedlings, except the MSR/MSPA ratio.

Physical-Anatomical and Initial Growth of Tabebuia roseoalba (Ridl.) under Different Water Regimes

“…These results indicate that water deficits can severely affect growth and fresh and dry biomass accumulation in plants (Silva et al, 2016). Jeromine et al (2019) observed that seedlings with greater root dry weights probably have greater chances of surviving water-stress during the dry season in the natural environment, and this characteristic is therefore extremely important for the successful growth of seedlings.…”

“…It is observed in the literature that, for overcoming the water deficit stress, plants invest in root biomass with reduction of leaf expansion and, consequently, reduced consumption of carbon, being observed reductions in the growth of shoots (Carvalho et al, 2012. ), leaf area (Jeromine et al, 2019;Mar et al, 2013;Scalon et al, 2011) and increased ratio of root biomass and shoot (Silva et al, 2016;Verma et al, 2012). However, this behavior was not observed in T. roseoalba seedlings, probably due to the assessed stage of development or the period in which they remained in culture conditions Plant responses to soil water conditions are quite variable, but tree species tend to attain greater heights and diameter as soil-water becomes more available.…”

“…There are many references in the literature reporting the leaf area tends to be lower under conditions of lower water availability, including Cabral et al (2004) for T. aurea, Scalon et al (2011) for G. ulmifolia, Vieira & Gomes (2011 for Q. grandiflora, Silva et al (2016) for Hymeneae coubaril, Gordin et al (2016) for Hancornia speciosa, and Jeromine et al (2019) for A. edulis seedlings.…”

“…Under conditions of low soil water availability, some metabolic processes are affected, with the partial or total closing of the stomata to limit water loss and consequent reduction in CO 2 acquisition, which can lead to negative growth affects -including reduction of leaf expansion. Moreover, it can also accelerate their senescence and abscission (which will directly affect photosynthesis), leaf abscission, inhibiting the internodes elongation and affecting root and shoot growth, the increased deposition of wax and increased trichome growth on the leaf surfaces (Jeromine et al, 2019;Scalon et al, 2011;Rosa et al, 2017;Silva et al, 2016).…”

SUBSTRATES AND WATER AVAILABILITY ON THE EMERGENCE AND INITIAL GROWTH OF Alibertia sessilis Schum. SEEDLINGS

“…The seedlings of Hymeneae. courbaril L. develop better in irrigation depths from 90 to 100% of potential evapotranspiration, and the water deficit reduces the height, diameter, leaf area and shoot dry mass of the seedlings (SILVA et al, 2016). Seedlings of Campomanesia adamantium and Hancornia speciosa also grow better when grown in 75% and 100% of WHC; however cultivation under water restrictions (25% and 50% WHC) causes growth reduction GORDIN et al, 2016).…”