2003
DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(03)00381-5
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Development of immune response that protects mice from viral pneumonitis after a single intranasal immunization with influenza A virus and nanoemulsion

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Cited by 85 publications
(71 citation statements)
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“…We have previously demonstrated that these NEs have broad antimicrobial activity (3,17) and are safe and effective noninflammatory mucosal adjuvants for a whole-virus-based influenza vaccine (36). NEs in the present studies are simply mixed with rPA and applied to the nares of mice and guinea pigs for characterization of anti-PA immune responses.…”
mentioning
confidence: 88%
“…We have previously demonstrated that these NEs have broad antimicrobial activity (3,17) and are safe and effective noninflammatory mucosal adjuvants for a whole-virus-based influenza vaccine (36). NEs in the present studies are simply mixed with rPA and applied to the nares of mice and guinea pigs for characterization of anti-PA immune responses.…”
mentioning
confidence: 88%
“…13 Briefly, the appearance of the fresh and centrifuged (13,000× g for 30 minutes) nanoemulsion vaccine was observed after six cycles (one cycle stored at 4°C for 28 hours and 25°C for 48 hours). The nanoemulsion vaccine is considered unstable if it has different appearances.…”
Section: Thermodynamic Stability Testmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…W 80 5EC NE contains droplets of approximately 400 nm in diameter and has inherent antimicrobial activity (23). Studies with a prototype NE formulations showed that the NE can inactivate whole influenza virus and induce an immune response after nasal administration that protects mice from homologous influenza virus challenge (25). Similar protective immune responses were observed using the NE with either whole vaccinia virus (VV) (7) or purified antigens such as recombinant anthrax protective antigen (8).…”
mentioning
confidence: 90%