Development of Immunocontraceptives in Male

Shibahara, Hiroaki

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-9625-1_14

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…Thus, the virus elimination lay on the ZP is very difficult on account of the complex structure of the ZP of in vitro‐derived embryos (Riddell et al, 1993; Suzuki et al, 1996; Wassarman, 1988). The ZP is an extracellular layer encompassing oocytes, zygotes and early embryos that serves various functions, including sperm binding, polyspermy blocking, facilitating embryo transfer through the oviduct and protecting embryos against pathogens (Shibahara & Hasegawa, 2022; Sinowatz et al, 2001). Furthermore, the ZP is a dynamic structure that can adapt to changes in circumstances (Wegner & Killian, 1991) and repair damages based on embryonic developmental stages (Schwartz et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm and oocyte as carriers for bovine viral diarrhoea virus biotypes during in vitro fertilization

Rahim‐Tayefeh,

Talebkhan‐Garoussi,

Daliri‐Joupari

et al. 2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is an important viral agent causing the reproductive failure in cattle. The objectives of the study were to assess the role of male and female gametes, as carriers of cytopathic (CP) and non‐cytopathic (NCP) BVDV to embryonic cells during in vitro fertilization. In this respect, sperm and oocytes were separately exposed to concentrations of 104.5 or 105.5 TCID50/mL CP and NCP BVDV, for 2 h before fertilization. After washing, the intact gametes with the infected gametes were inseminated. Seven days post‐fertilization, the virus‐exposed embryos were examined for presence of the viral genome by RT‐PCR. One‐way anova with post‐hoc Tukey's HSD test and an independent samples t‐test were used to compare within and between groups, respectively. The results presented a significant decrease in the blastocyst rates for CP‐infected groups than NCP‐infected groups (p ≤ .01). Compared to the controls and the infected oocyte groups, the cleavage rates of the infected sperm groups (NCP and CP BVDV) were significantly reduced both in low (104.5 TCID50/mL) and high (105.5 TCID50/mL) titres of the virus (p ≤ .01). The proportion of embryos which was developed to blastocyst stages was significantly lower for CP and NCP‐infected groups than the control groups (p ≤ .001). According to the molecular results, all samples of the retarded/degenerated embryos (at least one blastocyst within each one) in CP and NCP groups, one sample (at least one blastocyst in that) within a CP‐infected group, and six samples (at least one blastocyst in each one of those) of NCP‐infected groups contained the viral nucleic acid. Likewise, the results of viral enrichment showed all reactions in which RT‐PCR were positive induced CPEs in MDBK monolayers. In conclusion, it is clear that CP and NCP BVDV were able to traverse zona pellucida during fertilization, and they had also negative effects on embryo development.

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