“…Typically, photoreactive functional groups such as benzophenone, 3-5 diazirine, [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and phenyl azide [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] moieties are used as photolinkers ( Figure 8.3); these moieties produce photogenerated ketyl, carbene, and nitrene radicals, respectively, to form covalent links with target molecules and materials. 33 Because radical reactions occur on every organic material, including the biological molecules, the polymer matrix, and the chip surface, the photoimmobilization method does not require the use of any special functional groups such as amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl, or thiol groups, unlike other conventional immobilization methods.…”