Development of in vitro propagation protocol for some recalcitrant cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes in Sierra Leone

Sesay, Janatu Veronica; Yamba, Nicole Gado G.; Sherman-Kamara, Joseeph; Quee, Dan David

doi:10.5897/ajb2017.16330

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…Stems older than 18 months are highly lignified and should not be used as planting material because their stems have fewer nutrient reserves, produce weak shoots, and have only a few storage roots (Bridgemohan & Bridgemohan, 2014). The use of stem cuttings from old plants makes cassava multiplication tedious and slow (Santana et al, 2009), leading to insufficient planting materials, which may restrict productivity. The planting materials from large cuttings are insufficient in number for large-scale plantations (Demeke et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rooting performance of cassava cuttings due to the number of nodes and rooting media

Muktar,

Beshir,

Tadesse

et al. 2023

Food and Energy Security

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Cassava is a major food security crop in the developing world, providing a basic diet for over half a billion people. Stem cutting is the major propagation technique in commercial cassava production, despite its limitations in bulkiness and high cost. Research is lacking in optimizing the number of nodes for the most economical use of the planting material. It can be hypothesized that one or two node cuttings can be used in proper rooting media. Hence, a study was conducted to determine the appropriate number of nodes on selected rooting media for better rooting and shoot growth of cassava. A factorial combination of four number nodes (one, two, three, and standard, or 4–6 nodes) and four types of rooting media (sawdust, cocopeat, topsoil, and sand) was used in a completely randomized design with three replications. Nursery and field establishment data were collected. The result revealed that the interaction between the number of nodes and the media significantly (p < 0.05) affected all fresh and dry weights of root and shoot. Sawdust and cocopeat performed best in terms of root number, root length, leaf number, branch number, shoot length, and rooting percentage. Root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry weight were higher when stem cuttings were planted using two or more nodes on cocopeat or sawdust as compared to planting them on topsoil or sand. The use of two or more nodes on cuttings using cocopeat or sawdust found outstanding results for rooting. However, the standard cutting was better for survival percentage during field establishment. The result confirmed that two nodes of cassava stem cutting are enough for the successful rooting of cassava, and sawdust promotes the rooting of cuttings. Hence, we recommend sawdust as a rooting medium and two or more nodes of stem cuttings of cassava.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rooting performance of cassava cuttings due to the number of nodes and rooting media

Muktar,

Beshir,

Tadesse

et al. 2023

Food and Energy Security

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In vitro propagation of three mosaic disease resistant cassava cultivars

et al. 2020

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Background Cassava is a staple food for over 800 million people globally providing a cheap source of carbohydrate. However, the cultivation of cassava in the country is facing to viral diseases, particularly cassava mosaic disease (CMD) which can cause up to 95% yield losses. With aim to supply farmers demand for clean planting materials, there is need to accelerate the production of the elite cultivars by use of tissue culture in order to cope with the demand. Methods Nodal explants harvested from the greenhouse grown plants were sterilised using different concentrations of a commercial bleach JIK (3.85% NaOCl) and varying time intervals. Microshoots induction was evaluated using thidiazuron (TDZ), benzyl amino purine (BAP), and kinetin. Rooting was evaluated using different auxins (Naphthalene acetic acid NAA and Indole-3-butyricacid IBA). PCR-based SSR and SCAR markers were used to verify the presence of CMD2 gene in the regenerated plantlets. Results The highest level of sterility in explants (90%) was obtained when 20% Jik was used for 15 min. The best cytokinin for microshoots regeneration was found to be kinetin with optimum concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 μM for Agric-rouge, Atinwewe, and Agblehoundo respectively. Medium without growth regulators was the best for rooting the three cultivars. A survival rate of 100, 98, and 98% was recorded in the greenhouse for Agric-rouge, Atinwewe, and Agblehoundo respectively and the plantlets appeared to be morphologically normal. The SSR and SCAR analysis of micropropagated plants showed a profile similar to that of the mother plants indicating that the regenerated plantlets retained the CMD2 gene after passing through in vitro culture, as expected with micropropagation. Conclusion The nodal explants was established to be 20% of Jik (3.85% NaOCl) with an exposure time of 15 min. Kinetin was proved to be the best cytokinins for microshoot formation with the optimum concentration of 5, 10 and 20 μM for Agric-rouge, Atinwewe, and Agblehoundo respectively. The protocol developed during this study will be useful for mass propagation of the elite cassava cultivars.

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Initiation of Cassava Callus Culture and Its Prospect for Starch Production: A Systematic Mapping Study

Mohd Sofri,

Mohamad Puad,

Nik Ahmad Sabri

et al. 2024

JTAS

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Mass propagation of cassava on several hectares of arable land due to increasing demand for its starch is not feasible due to land availability, pests and disease invasion, and long cultivation period. Plant cell culture technology is a promising solution despite the scarcity of cassava callus culture for starch production applications. Therefore, a systematic mapping study (SMS) was performed to identify the applications of cassava tissue culture and its prospects in starch production and investigate the important parameters for cassava callus culture initiation. The SMS began with formulating research questions (RQs), conducting searches on various databases, collecting and screening related articles, and extracting and mapping the selected articles. A total of 56 of 589 articles in the initial searching phase were chosen to be used as references to answer each RQ. The extracted data indicates that cassava tissue culture was mostly used for micropropagation, while starch production from its tissue culture is still limited. Basal medium and plant growth regulators influence cassava callus culture initiation most. The findings of the SMS offer a better understanding of cassava tissue culture and the prospects of producing cassava starch.

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Development of in vitro propagation protocol for some recalcitrant cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes in Sierra Leone

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Rooting performance of cassava cuttings due to the number of nodes and rooting media

Rooting performance of cassava cuttings due to the number of nodes and rooting media

In vitro propagation of three mosaic disease resistant cassava cultivars

Initiation of Cassava Callus Culture and Its Prospect for Starch Production: A Systematic Mapping Study

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