Development of integral type spent fuel pool storage rack with gadolinium and europium-containing structure materials

Kim, Mi Jin; Lee, Deokjung; Lemaire, Matthieu; Lee, Hee-Jae; Sohn, Dong-Seong; Kwon, Hyukjoo

doi:10.1016/j.anucene.2019.02.027

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Additionally, B 4 C/Al composites as thermal-neutron-absorbing and -shielding materials cannot function as standalone structural materials and require a boron steel cladding layer for structural support. This complex design results in containers with intricate structures and limited storage capacity, rendering them inconvenient for use, cleaning, and maintenance [11]. Evidently, there exists a trade-off between the content of neutron-absorbing elements and the properties of neutron-absorbing and -shielding materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Various Stainless Steels Containing Gadolinium as Thermal Neutron Absorbing and Shielding Materials

Oh,

Ahn,

Jung

et al. 2023

Metals

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Developing next-generation thermal-neutron-shielding and -absorbing materials for the safe storage and transportation of spent nuclear fuel is a topic of active research in academia. Gadolinium (Gd) boasts superior neutron absorption capacity compared with other nuclei. Consequently, it has garnered significant attention as a potential replacement for boron in spent nuclear fuel (SNF) applications. In this study, the austenitic stainless steels 304 and 316 and the duplex stainless steel 5A were reinforced with 2 wt.% of gadolinium to explore their thermal-neutron-absorbing efficiency. Their properties were then compared with commercial-grade borated stainless steel, as per ASTM standard A887. After the inclusion of Gd, both the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the alloys slightly increased, which was attributed to the evenly distributed Gd intermetallics within the matrix. However, the elongation rate was reduced. The Charpy impact absorption energy also decreased. The influence of the Gd intermetallic was further explored by examining the fractography. While the corrosion resistance of the alloy slightly diminished after the addition of Gd, its neutron absorption capacity demonstrated superior performance, especially when the Gd content was equivalent to that of boron. Although most properties of the experimental alloy deteriorated after the Gd addition, they still outperformed commercial borated stainless steel, suggesting that this alloy might be a promising candidate for SNF applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Various Stainless Steels Containing Gadolinium as Thermal Neutron Absorbing and Shielding Materials

Oh,

Ahn,

Jung

et al. 2023

Metals

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“…Borated stainless steels (BSS) containing more than 0.1 wt% boron, which are capable of absorbing thermal neutrons due to the high neutron cross-section of isotope 10 B [ 1 ], are widely used within the nuclear fuel cycle field. BBS are used, for example, in spent fuel storage racks [ 2 ], which need a neutron absorber sheet or a square tube. BSS fabricated by billet casting [ 3 ] or powder metallurgy (PM) [ 4 ] need to be heat deformed into the above dimensions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Hot Deformation Characterization of Borated Stainless Steel by Hot Isostatic Pressing

Pei

et al. 2021

Materials

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Borated stainless steel (BSS) specimens have a boron content of 1.86 wt%, and are prepared by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) conducted at different temperatures, ranging from 1000 to 1100 °C and a constant true strain rate (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 s−1). These tests, with observations and microstructural analysis, have achieved the hot deformation characteristics and mechanisms of BSS. In this research, the activation energy (Q) and Zener–Hollomon parameter (Z) were contrasted against the flow curves: Q = 442.35 kJ/mol. The critical conditions associated with the initiation of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) for BSS were precisely calculated based on the function between the strain hardening rate with the flow stress: at different temperatures from 1000 to 1100 °C: the critical stresses were 146.69–254.77 MPa and the critical strains were 0.022–0.044. The facts show that the boron-containing phase of BSS prevented the onset of DRX, despite the saturated boron in the austenite initiated DRX. The microstructural analysis showed that hot deformation promoted the generation of borides, which differed from the initial microstructure of HIP. The inhomogeneous distribution of elements in the boron-containing phase was caused by hot compression.

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Microstructure and its effect on mechanical and thermal properties of Al-based Gd2O3 MMCs used as shielding materials in spent fuel storage

Cong

Ran

et al. 2020

Ceramics International

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Development of integral type spent fuel pool storage rack with gadolinium and europium-containing structure materials

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Characterization of Various Stainless Steels Containing Gadolinium as Thermal Neutron Absorbing and Shielding Materials

Characterization of Various Stainless Steels Containing Gadolinium as Thermal Neutron Absorbing and Shielding Materials

Study on the Hot Deformation Characterization of Borated Stainless Steel by Hot Isostatic Pressing

Microstructure and its effect on mechanical and thermal properties of Al-based Gd2O3 MMCs used as shielding materials in spent fuel storage

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