“…In authentication of plastic card transaction, various security features are already implemented, such as card verification value, personal identification number, 3-D secure password and chip and pin (Khattri et al, 2020a(Khattri et al, , 2020bSahin and Duman, 2011;Wong et al, 2012). Despite these security features, the impact of plastic card fraud cannot ignore, and it is increasing at an alarming rate (Maes et al, 2002;UK Finance, 2019;Arthur Williams, 2007;Bai and Chen, 2013).…”