Development of intestinal microbiota in infants and its impact on health

Matamoros, Sébastien; Gras-Leguen, Christèle; Vacon, Françoise Le; Potel, G.; Cochetière, Marie-France de la

doi:10.1016/j.tim.2012.12.001

Cited by 467 publications

(419 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…[19,20]. Subsequently, the microbiota slowly develops into an adult-like, more diverse and stable state at around 3 years of age [21,22]. In the adulthood of healthy humans, the gut ecosystem is in a homeostatic equilibrium with temporal balance between different microbial groups, epithelial tissue of the intestine and the immune system of the host [21,23].…”

Section: The Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, the microbiota slowly develops into an adult-like, more diverse and stable state at around 3 years of age [21,22]. In the adulthood of healthy humans, the gut ecosystem is in a homeostatic equilibrium with temporal balance between different microbial groups, epithelial tissue of the intestine and the immune system of the host [21,23]. However, after approximately 65 years of age, the composition of the gut microbiota alters, with high interindividual variability, which is probably due to the physiological changes in the intestines that affect food digestion and absorption, and immune function [24].…”

Section: The Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of the gut microbiota by prebiotic fibres and bacteriocins

Umu

Rudi

Diep

2017

Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease

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The gut microbiota is considered an organ that co-develops with the host throughout its life. The composition and metabolic activities of the gut microbiota are subject to a complex interplay between the host genetics and environmental factors, such as lifestyle, diet, stress and antimicrobials. It is evident that certain prebiotics, and antimicrobials produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), can shape the composition of the gut microbiota and its metabolic activities to promote host health and/or prevent diseases. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the impact of prebiotic fibres, and bacteriocins from LAB, on the gut microbiota and its activities, which affect the physiology and health of the host. These represent two different mechanisms in modulating the gut microbiota, the first involving exploitative competition by which the growth of beneficial bacteria is promoted and the latter involving interference competition by which the growth of pathogens and other unwanted bacteria is prevented. For interference competition in the gut, bacteriocins offer special advantages over traditional antibiotics, in that they can be designed to act towards specific unwanted bacteria and other pathogens, without any remarkable collateral effects on beneficial microbes sharing the same niche.

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Section: The Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of the gut microbiota by prebiotic fibres and bacteriocins

Umu

Rudi

Diep

2017

Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease

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“…Development of the infant microbiota is characterized by rapid and large changes in microbial abundance, diversity and composition, until around 3 years of age when the microbiota becomes adult-like (Matamoros, Gras-Leguen, Le Vacon, Potel, & de La Cochetiere, 2013). Introduction of solid foods into the infant diet leads to a marked shift in microbial composition with an increase in clostridial species and a decrease in Bifidobacterium and Enterobacteriaceae.…”

Section: Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending in vitro digestion models to specific human populations: Perspectives, practical tools and bio-relevant information

Shani-Levi

Alvito

Andrés

et al. 2017

Trends in Food Science & Technology

154

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a b s t r a c tBackground: In vitro digestion models show great promise in facilitating the rationale design of foods. This paper provides a look into the current state of the art and outlines possible future paths for developments of digestion models recreating the diverse physiological conditions of specific groups of the human population. Scope and approach: Based on a collective effort of experts, this paper outlines considerations and parameters needed for development of new in vitro digestion models, e.g. gastric pH, enzymatic activities, gastric emptying rate and more. These and other parameters are detrimental to the adequate development of in vitro models that enable deeper insight into matters of food luminal breakdown as well as nutrient and nutraceutical bioaccessibility. Subsequently, we present an overview of some new and emerging in vitro digestion models mirroring the gastro-intestinal conditions of infants, the elderly and patients of cystic fibrosis or gastric bypass surgery. Key findings and conclusions: This paper calls for synchronization, harmonization and validation of potential developments in in vitro digestion models that would greatly facilitate manufacturing of foods tailored or even personalized, to a certain extent, to various strata of the human population.

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“…Many other factors affect the composition of the microbiota in the intestinal tract before getting a stable population as in the human adult [6]. Early colonization with beneficial bacteria could help establish an effective ecosystem and bring about maturity in the physical structure of the gut [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With time, a large number of anaerobic species will colonize the infant gut and multiply [1][2][3][4]. Increasing evidence suggests that this process is a critical step for future child's health and it may be influenced by environmental, maternal and dietary factors [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics and gut health in infants: A preliminary case–control observational study about early treatment with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938

Savino

Fornasero

Ceratto

et al. 2015

Clinica Chimica Acta

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AIMS: we performed this case-control observational study to evaluate the effects of early administration of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 on microbial composition in infants' gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: early fecal microbiota composition was analyzed by using selective and differential cultural methods. Genomic DNA from positive Escherichia coli and Cronobacter sakazakii colonies was extracted and DNA was processed by multiplex PCR assay. RESULTS: fecal samples of 30 hospitalized infants who previously received probiotics and 30 not receiving probiotics were analyzed. We find that the two groups showed differences in gut microbial strains composition and richness. Infant treated with probiotics have a lower total anaerobic gramnegative counts (p=0.03) and a higher total anaerobic gram-positive counts (p=0.02). Enterobacteriaceae and enterococci were significantly higher (p=0.04) in the control group. No significant differences were observed for total aerobic counts, lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. C. sakazaki was found only in one infant recruited in the control group. Infants not previously treated with probiotics showed a higher colonization by diarrheagenic E. coli (EPEC) (p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: our findings enhanced our understanding of the effects of probiotics on gut health in pediatric subjects. Early administration of L.reuteri in infancy could improve gut health by reducing pathogens colonization. Our trial underlines the efficacy of an early probiotic administration in improving gut health in infancy.Informed consent was obtained from each child's parent.The study has been approved by a research ethics committee.There are no prior publications or submissions with any overlapping information, including studies and patients.These data have not been published previously and are not under consideration for publication by any other journal. The manuscript has not been and will not be submitted to any other journal while it is under consideration by Clinica Chimica Acta Journal.All authors have read and approved the version of the article being submitted.No an honorarium, grant, or other form of payment was given to anyone to produce the manuscript.All authors declare no conflict of interest.No affiliations with or financial involvement in any organization or entity with a direct financial interest in the subject matter or materials of the research discussed in the manuscript were present. Probiotics and gut health in infants: a case-control observational study about early treatment with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938.

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Development of intestinal microbiota in infants and its impact on health

Cited by 467 publications

References 77 publications

Modulation of the gut microbiota by prebiotic fibres and bacteriocins

Modulation of the gut microbiota by prebiotic fibres and bacteriocins

Extending in vitro digestion models to specific human populations: Perspectives, practical tools and bio-relevant information

Probiotics and gut health in infants: A preliminary case–control observational study about early treatment with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938

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