Development of ionomer membranes for fuel cells

Acid–base blend membranes consisting of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) and 5-amino-benzotriazole tethered polysulfone for DMFC

“…Covalent and ionic cross-linking is found to be an effective way to control the dimensional stability and suppress methanol crossover of aromatic polymer membranes with high DS without unduly sacrificing the proton conductivity [11]. Covalently crosslinked sulfonated aromatic polymers with high DS such as SPEEK and SPSf have been found to exhibit much better swelling stability and lower methanol permeability compared to the uncross-linked sulfonated polymers.…”

Investigations of conductivity in FEP-based radiation-grafted alkaline anion-exchange membranes

“…There is extensive worldwide research being conducted on replacement proton exchange membranes (PEMs) [3] and electrocatalysts for DMFCs [4]. The main to the necessity for unsustainable high loadings of complex and expensive catalysts (e.g.…”

Acid–base blend membranes based on 2-amino-benzimidazole and sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) for direct methanol fuel cells

“…Cross-linked ionomers have been pursued to overcome this problem, but they usually lead to a sacrifice in fuel cell performance and microphase-separation is easy to occur in such blends due to different, incompatible acidic (aromatic) and basic (polybenzimidazole) polymer structures [14,15].…”

“…Tethering of N-heterocycles to a polymer backbone followed by its blending with a sulfonic acid polymer is an attractive strategy to achieve high proton conduction through acid-base interactions involving the sulfonic acid groups in one polymer (acidic polymer) and the basic Ncontaining groups in the other polymer (basic polymer) [14][15][16][17]. However, this strategy has been pursued with basic polymers having only one or two nitrogen atoms acting as proton donors or acceptors (e.g.…”