Development of Jejunoileal Differences of Activity of Lactase, Sucrase and Acid β-Galactosidase in Isografts of Fetal Rat Intestine

Kendall, Kevin; Jumawan, Jocelyn; Koldovský, Otakar

doi:10.1159/000241229

Cited by 47 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Similar studies by Henning and Guerin (20) also showed no depression in sucrase activities when pups were weaned onto a special diet with lactose as the sole source of carbohydrate. These results are in agreement with those studies using intestinal explants (8,11) or in vitro cultures ( 6 ) and together suggest that the postnatal increase in sucrase and maltase in the rat is preprogrammed. Other studies have shown that hormones, particularly corticosteroids, also play a role in the development of disaccharidase in these animals (13,6 li&ited extent (1, 10, 15, 21i In order to reexamine the interactions among genetic preprogramming, dietary, and hormonal changes, as controlling factors in the development of the brush border enzyme during the weaning period, we studied: (1) the sequential development of the small intestine, with emphasis on the brush border enzymes; (2) the effect of prolonged nursing and early weaning on the development of sucrase, maltase, lactase, enterokinase, and leucine aminopeptidase; and (3) the possible involvement of corticosteroids in early weaning as one of the regulatory determinants.…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

Early Weanling and Precocious Development of Small Intestine in Rats: Genetic, Dietary or Hormonal Control

Lee

Lebenthal

1983

Pediatr Res

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Summary14); however, its relationship to diet has been explored only to a Small intestinal development was followed in rats from 17 to 28 days of age in order to evaluate the interactions of diets, genetic preprogramming, and hormones in influencing developmental changes. Control pups, weaned naturally at 21-24 days, showed a gradual increase in body weight, intestinal length, and segmental mucosal weight, total DNA, and protein content. In contrast, pups weaned at 17 days showed an immediate increase in intestinal length, decrease in lactase, and precocious increase in sucrase and maltase. The changes in segmental mucosal weight, DNA and protein contents, however, paralleled that of controls. Pups nursed "p to 25 days had a smalle; body weight, shorter intestine, lighter mucosa, and lesser mucosal protein content. They showed no significant delay in the increase in sucrase and maltase together with a persistent higher level of lactase. Enterokinase and leucine aminopeptidase showed little change irrespective of the dietary modifications. Significant increases in segmental mucosal mass, DNA, and protein contents during the studied period were seen in all animals. At 19 days, early weaned pups had serum levels of corticosteroids about 3 times that of control or prolonged nursed pups. The results support the concept of an inherent biologic program as a basic control of intestinal ontogeny whereas dietary changes seem to have a modifying role and act directly, or in concert with, hormonal changes.Neonatal rats have no detectable sucrase, low maltase, and high levels of lactase activities in their small intestines. The activities of sucrase and maltase increase abruptly about the 15th day of age. These two enzymes continue to rise during the third and fourth week with a concomitant decrease in lactase. The third week of life in rats corresponds to the weaning time that is marked by a shift from a fat-rich diet supplied by the mother (4) to a carbohydrate-rich lab-chow diet. The carbohydrate is also changed from an almost exclusive lactose-containing milk to a predominant glucose-polymer-and sucrose-containing chow. A casual relationship exists therefore between dietary changes and the increase in sucrase and maltase with a corresponding decrease in lactase. The possibility of a "dietary influence" of enzymes is further strengthened by the observations that sucrase rises precociously by early feeding of sucrose (15,21). In addition, we have shown (16) that prolonged nursing leads to a slower decline in lactase activity. At 25 days of age, prolonged nursed rats show similar maltase and sucrase activities as control weaned rats. Similar studies by Henning and Guerin (20) also showed no depression in sucrase activities when pups were weaned onto a special diet with lactose as the sole source of carbohydrate. These results are in agreement with those studies using intestinal explants (8,11) or in vitro cultures ( 6 ) and together suggest that the postnatal increase in sucrase and maltase in the rat is preprogrammed. Othe...

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confidence: 92%

Early Weanling and Precocious Development of Small Intestine in Rats: Genetic, Dietary or Hormonal Control

Lee

Lebenthal

1983

Pediatr Res

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“…These grafts grow and are able to establish regional differences in the expression of some enterocytic markers (e.g., brush border hydrolases; ref. 24). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial differentiation of the intestinal epithelium: analysis of enteroendocrine cells containing immunoreactive serotonin, secretin, and substance P in normal and transgenic mice.

Roth

Gordon

1990

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

113

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The mammalian intestinal epithelium undergoes continuous and rapid renewal of its four principal terminally differentiated cell types. These cells arise from multipotent stem cells located at or near the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn. The differentiation process is precisely organized along two spatial dimensions (axes)-from the crypt to the villus tip and from the duodenum to the colon. The enteroendocrine cell population provides a sensitive marker of the intestine's topologic differentiation. At least 15 different regionally distributed subsets have been described based on their principal neuroendocrine products. We have used immunocytochemical methods to characterize the spatial relationships of the serotonin-, secretin-, and substance P-containing enteroendocrine cell subsets in normal adult C57BL/6J X LT/Sv mice as well as in transgenic littermates that contain rat liver fatty acid-binding protein-human growth hormone fusion genes. Our results reveal precise spatial interrelationships between these populations and suggest a differentiation pathway that may involve the sequential expression of substance P, serotonin, and secretin.

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“…Most of these studies dealt with the postnatal period, the time when the intestine has to function if the animal is to survive. However, the acquisition of the diges tive function in the small intestine does not start after birth; digestive enzymes reach high levels just before birth (1,2,10,11,17). Thus the critical period of development of these enzymes occurs during the prenatal period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Intrauterine Growth Retardation on the Activities of Fetal Intestinal Enzymes in Rats

et al. 1981

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The activities of maltase, lactase, alkaline phosphatase and enterokinase were followed in the small intestine of rats during prenatal development. These enzymes were detectable only after the 17th day of gestation. Furthermore, each enzyme exhibited a different pattern of prenatal presence. Maltase activity appeared first (day 18), followed by lactase and alkaline phosphatase (day 19) and then enterokinase (day 20). Except for enterokinase, all of the enzymes attained a level of activity close to the newborn levels at the final day of gestation. Induced intrauterine growth retardation during the 3rd trimester led to a decrease in intestinal weight proportional to the reduction of body weight. The decrease in size of the small intestine was caused by a reduction in cell number rather than cell size. Induced intrauterine growth retardation also resulted in a selective reduction in the specific activities of lactase and alkaline phosphatase, but not of enterokinase and maltase. These results suggest that reduction in maternofetal blood flow in the 3rd trimester of gestation will cause a selective decrease in some brush border enzymes (lactase and alkaline phosphatase) but does not affect others (maltase and enterokinase).

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Development of Jejunoileal Differences of Activity of Lactase, Sucrase and Acid β-Galactosidase in Isografts of Fetal Rat Intestine

Cited by 47 publications

References 11 publications

Early Weanling and Precocious Development of Small Intestine in Rats: Genetic, Dietary or Hormonal Control

Early Weanling and Precocious Development of Small Intestine in Rats: Genetic, Dietary or Hormonal Control

Spatial differentiation of the intestinal epithelium: analysis of enteroendocrine cells containing immunoreactive serotonin, secretin, and substance P in normal and transgenic mice.

Effect of Intrauterine Growth Retardation on the Activities of Fetal Intestinal Enzymes in Rats

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