Development of Metal Complexes for Treatment of Coronaviruses

Abstract

Coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2) is a global epidemic. This pandemic, which has been linked to high rates of death, has forced some countries throughout the world to implement complete lockdowns in order to contain the spread of infection. Because of the advent of new coronavirus variants, it is critical to find effective treatments and vaccines to prevent the virus’s rapid spread over the world. In this regard, metal complexes have attained immense interest as antibody modifiers and antiviral therapies, and they have a lot of promise towards SARS-CoV-2 and their suggested mechanisms of action are discussed, i.e., a new series of metal complexes’ medicinal vital role in treatment of specific proteins or SARS-CoV-2 are described. The structures of the obtained metal complexes were fully elucidated by different analytical and spectroscopic techniques also. Molecular docking and pharmacophore studies presented that most of complexes studied influenced good binding affinity to the main protease SARS-CoV-2, which also was attained as from the RCSB pdb (Protein Data Bank) data PDB ID: 6 W41, to expect the action of metal complexes in contradiction of COVID-19. Experimental research is required to determine the pharmacokinetics of most of the complexes analyzed for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2-related disease. Finally, the toxicity of a metal-containing inorganic complex will thus be discussed by its capability to transfer metals which may bind with targeted site.

An Escherichia coli Expressed Multi-Disulfide Bonded SARS-CoV-2 RBD Shows Native-like Biophysical Properties and Elicits Neutralizing Antisera in a Mouse Model

“…Even the successful mRNA-based vaccine has drawbacks, requiring deep freeze storage and distribution, which is not easily amenable for low-resource settings [ 3 ]. Metal complexes have been proposed as anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody modifiers, but this technique needs further studies [ 4 , 5 ]. Thus, exploring alternative vaccine modalities is important, as they may overcome some of the disadvantages of current ones.…”

Promising Schiff bases in antiviral drug design and discovery

“…In addition to this, the metal Schiff base complexes formed when various sulfonamides were combined with 5-chlorosalicyladehyde or indole-3-carboxaldehyde have demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activities [ 129 ]. Additionally, carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme containing zinc, is significantly inhibited by Schiff bases [ 130 – 134 ]. There have been numerous Schiff base compounds so far.…”

Moxifloxacin Metal Complexes: Synthesis, Characterisation, Antimicrobial and Antidiabetic Activities with Docking Studies

“…Tese metal-drug chelates are known to possess antibacterial, fungicidal, and antiviral activities, as well as anticancer and antituberculosis activities. Moreover, the latest studies also show their effectiveness against coronavirus (COVID-19) [9,13,14]. In the last few years, several metals in variable molar ratios have been reported for synthesising diferent mono, binary, and ternary complexes with moxifoxacin [15][16][17][18][19].…”