Development of Molecular Diagnostic System with High Sensitivity for the Detection of Human Sapovirus from Water Environments

Abstract

Human Sapovirus (HuSaV) is one of the major causes of acute gastroenteritis in humans, and it is used as a molecular diagnostic technique based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from humans, food, shellfish, and aquatic environments. In this study, the HuSaV diagnosis technique was used in an aquatic environment where a number of PCR inhibitors are included and pathogens, such as viruses, are estimated to exist at low concentration levels. HuSaV-specific primers are improved to detect 38 strains registered in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The established optimal condition and the composition, including the RT-nested PCR primers and SL ® Non-specific reaction inhibitor, were found to have 100 times higher sensitivity based on HuSaV plasmid than the previously reported methods (100 ag based on HuSaV plasmid 1 ng/μL). Through an artificial infection test, the developed method was able to detect at least 1 fg/μL of HuSaV plasmid contaminated with total nucleic acid extracted from groundwater. In addition, RT-nested PCR primer sets for HuSaV detection can react, and a positive control is developed to verify false positives. This study is expected to be used as a HuSaV monitoring method in the future and applied to the safety response to HuSaV from water environments.

Application of Nanotechnology in Biomedicine

“…The main principle is to discretize the target particle into N cube dipoles, so that the surrounding scattered field can be approximately regarded as the superposition of the effect of each dipole. The dipole moment of the ith dipole can be expressed as Pj=ajEj, where aj represents the polarizability of the dipole and Ej represents the electric field strength at position rj [19][20]. The formula for calculating Ej is:…”

Genetic Diversity of Foodborne Pathogen Detected in Commercial Shellfish in Metropolitan Area

“…특히 식중독 원인 미생물 중 V. parahaemolyticus, B. cereus는 국내 집단식중 독 발생의 주요 원인으로 다수의 환자가 발생하였으며, NoV는 국내뿐만 아니라 해외에서 굴을 매개체로 한 집 단식중독의 원인으로 보고되었다 (Park et al, 2014;Chiu et al, 2020). 또한 SV는 국내에서 연구가 전무 할 뿐만 아니 라 국내외 학교, 요양시설 및 병원 등 다수의 기관에서 식중독 원인체로 확인되었다 (Becker-Dreps et al, 2019;Lee et al, 2021) (Seo et al, 2012;Shin et al, 2014) 17) 10 (12.5) -34 (10.9) 으로 한 연구보다는 낮았다 (Kang et al, 2016). 기타 폴란 드 17.5%, 중국 33.3% 등의 국외 보고보다도 상대적으로 낮게 검출되었다 (Lopatek et al, 2015;Xie et al, 2016) 보다 낮게 검출되었으며 (Kim et al, 2017) (Ho et al, 2015;Chiu et al, 2020;Cheng et al, 2017), 2013년 국내 고등학교 8명에게서…”