Development of Multi-Disciplinary Green-BOM to Maintain Sustainability in Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems

Abstract

The reconfigurable manufacturing system (RMS) appears to be eco-friendly while coping with rapidly changing market demands. However, there remains a lack of discussion or research regarding sustainability or environment-friendly functions within RMS. In this study, the reconfiguration planning problem is introduced to represent the core issues within the RMS. Reconfiguration occurs depending on new demands or conditions in the company by reconfiguring machines, such as removing, adding, or changing parts, giving considerable consideration to arrangement of machines, known as configurations in RMS. Therefore, reconfiguration process is always strongly connected to cost, energy consumption, and, more importantly, data management. The complexity of reconfiguration, product variation, and development processes requires tools that are capable of managing multi-disciplinary bill-of-material(BOM) or product data and providing a better collaboration support for data/information tracking while maintaining sustainability. This paper proposes a multi-disciplinary green bill-of-material (MDG-BOM)—an improved Green-BOM concept—with an additional multi-disciplinary feature to minimize emissions and hazardous materials during product development, as well as manage product information across multiple disciplines during the reconfiguration process. A smart spreadsheet for managing MDG-BOM was developed to allow multiple departments to integrate multiple sources of CAD design data and monitor/track changes throughout each step of the process.

3-S BOM: Pioneering Sustainability-Scoring-System for Multi-Functional Product Configurations Based on ESG and Circularity

“…Overall, the examined studies agree on the importance of enhancing environmental sustainability within the BOM, recognizing that standardized methodologies and improved data availability are essential for integrating sustainability aspects into the BOM (Babbit et al, 2020). However, the high degree of specificity associated with each component within a product, addresses a significant challenge, making the development of such standardized methodologies, able to manage multi-disciplinary data, difficult (Kurniadi & Ryu, 2021).…”

“…None of the analyzed studies proposes an integrated method, based on the introduction of ESG factors within the BOM in a standardized and straightforward manner. To overcome this limitation, this paper proposes a new method called Sustainability Scoring System for Bill of Materials (3-S BOM), which combining the economic and managerial aspects of sustainability with the BOM concept (Kurniadi & Ryu, 2021). The proposed method integrates ESG factors systematically into the BOM to evaluate the sustainability of the main suppliers.…”

Process Planning, Scheduling, and Layout Optimization for Multi-Unit Mass-Customized Products in Sustainable Reconfigurable Manufacturing System

“…The complexity of reconfiguration, product variation, and development processes necessitate the use of tools to improve the eco-friendliness of RMS, for which Kurniadi [26] suggested a multi-disciplinary green bill of material with an additional multi-disciplinary feature to minimize emissions and hazardous materials during product development and manage product information across multiple disciplines during the reconfiguration process. Touzout et al [27] propounded a hybrid multi-objective approach that consolidates the strengths of the multi-objective integer linear programming and the evolutionary algorithm AMOSA to tackle the process plan problem in RMS with a criterion of GHG emissions.…”

“…Constraint (25) fixes the allowed amount of GHG emissions similarly to how the allowed amount of hazardous waste is fixed. Constraint (26) determines the completion time of the entire production period. Constraints ( 27) and ( 28) restrict a feasible solution subject to the hazardous waste and GHG emissions limit.…”