Development of Multibarrier Systems Consisting of Nano-Enhanced Membranes and UV-LEDs for Water Purification Applications

Keuter, Volkmar; Gehrke, Ilka

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.481

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In recent years, many research groups have investigated the combination of separation and catalytic processes (using a membrane photocatalytic reactor) in order to both purify the water and retain the catalytic particles. 56 – 58 When using highly efficient nanoparticles, an appropriate filtration system like nanofiltration has to be implemented in order to ensure complete rejection of possibly harmful nanoparticles. Thus, an extensive and relatively costly installation technology is necessary, including high pressure pumps.…”

Section: State Of Science and Technology: Nanobased Materials Procesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Innovations in nanotechnology for water treatment

Gehrke¹,

Geiser²,

Somborn-Schulz³

2015

NSA

473

144

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Important challenges in the global water situation, mainly resulting from worldwide population growth and climate change, require novel innovative water technologies in order to ensure a supply of drinking water and reduce global water pollution. Against this background, the adaptation of highly advanced nanotechnology to traditional process engineering offers new opportunities in technological developments for advanced water and wastewater technology processes. Here, an overview of recent advances in nanotechnologies for water and wastewater treatment processes is provided, including nanobased materials, such as nanoadsorbents, nanometals, nanomembranes, and photocatalysts. The beneficial properties of these materials as well as technical barriers when compared with conventional processes are reported. The state of commercialization is presented and an outlook on further research opportunities is given for each type of nanobased material and process. In addition to the promising technological enhancements, the limitations of nanotechnology for water applications, such as laws and regulations as well as potential health risks, are summarized. The legal framework according to nanoengineered materials and processes that are used for water and wastewater treatment is considered for European countries and for the USA.

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Section: State Of Science and Technology: Nanobased Materials Procesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the reduced reactive surface of the photocatalyst when compared with nanoparticle suspensions, the photocatalytic activity decreases by at least one order of magnitude. 58 …”

Section: State Of Science and Technology: Nanobased Materials Procesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovations in nanotechnology for water treatment

Gehrke¹,

Geiser²,

Somborn-Schulz³

2015

NSA

473

144

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“…The main principles of this method lie in generating highly reactive species such as TiO2 is widely used as a photocatalyst because of its significant properties, such as cost efficiency, high availability, and low toxicity. Recently, many researchers around the world have been investigating the combination between the catalytic and separation processes through using the ceramic membrane filtration and photocatalysis together to purify the water with keeping the particles of catalytic [75]. Most of the nanofiltration processes that use highly efficient nanoparticles must be applied to a proper filtration system to reject the harmful nanoparticles completely.…”

Section: Photocatalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and applications of novel nanostructured materials in water treatment : adsorption, filtration, and reaction

Numaan¹

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Nanomaterial-based adsorbents and photocatalysts have gained increasing attention in the applications of water and wastewaters treatment due to their attractive properties and strong adsorption capabilities for a wide range of contaminants. The objective of this study is to fabricate, characterize, and apply a group of nanomaterials to adsorb, remove, and degrade contaminants in water. An iron oxide/graphene oxide (IOGOx) composite was evaluated for the effective As(V) removal from the aqueous solutions. Adsorption on hematite and IOGO(25 [percent]) at 25 [degrees]C, pH 7, and 1 mM NaNO3 showed 76 [percent] of As(V) removal within the first 5 minutes and 95 [percent] at 40 minutes. As(V) adsorption efficiency increased with increase GO loading; while, this efficiency decreased at high IO loading. Kinetic data was a well fitted to pseudo-second-order, so those results suggested that the surface complexation is the main mechanism for As(V) adsorption on the surface of adsorbents. All composites were able to reduce the As(V) concentration below 10 [micro]gL[superscript -1] that is the recommended maximum permissible concentration of As(V) in drinking water by World Health Organization (WHO). A novel technique for coating a group of tubular ceramic membranes by multi-layers of TiO2 was used to reduce the pore size of the support membranes and to improve their performances. Polyethylene glycol was used as a model molecule to compare and examine the coated membranes in the evolution of fouling and rejection over time. The SEM images showed that TiO2 covered the surface and the active layer; therefore, the permeable path sizes decreased gradually. The results of flux and permeability of membranes confirmed the success of the coating. The transmembrane pressure (TMP) increased with each coating layer, while the rejection of the membrane was improved. After cleaning the membranes with ultrapure water, TMP of all the membranes decreased until reaching to the clean material values. In this study, 4-layers coated membrane showed its ability to be used many times after cleaning with ultrapure water. The coated membranes were tested for a novel technique that combines filtration and advanced oxidation processes for sulfamethazine (SMZ) removal and degradation using a continues flow reactor and under different conditions. The system included a a membrane module with UV-light. In the absence of UV-light, the results showed no significant removal of 5 ppm and 10 ppm of SMZ during the experiment. Under UV-light, the system was able to significantly degrade 5 ppm and 10 ppm of SMZ from the solution, particularly, at pH 2. In the presence of humic acid (HA), there was a significant increase in the SMZ degradation with all pH values by decreasing the required time to degrade SMZ in clean water. When NO3[superscript -] or Cl[superscript -] ions were added, an increase in the degradation rate of SMZ was observed in the presence of NO3[superscript -] in comparison with clean water, but Cl[superscript -] led to a decrease in the SMZ degradation under UV light. The process could be applied for SMZ removal from the water in water treatment plants.

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Nanotechnology and Waste Water Treatment

Butt

2020

Nanoagronomy

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Development of Multibarrier Systems Consisting of Nano-Enhanced Membranes and UV-LEDs for Water Purification Applications

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Innovations in nanotechnology for water treatment

Innovations in nanotechnology for water treatment

Development and applications of novel nanostructured materials in water treatment : adsorption, filtration, and reaction

Nanotechnology and Waste Water Treatment

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