Development of new ionomer blend membranes, their characterization, and their application in the perstractive separation of alkenes from alkene–alkane mixtures. I. Polymer modification, ionomer blend membrane preparation, and characterization

Abstract

In this contribution, the synthesis and characterization of novel ion-exchange blend membranes which contain the SO 3 Ag group for the application in the perstractive separation of alkene-alkane mixtures, where the Ag ϩ ion serves as facilitated transport site for the alkene via formation of a pi complex with the alkene double bond, is presented. In this part of the article, the synthesis and characterization of following blend membrane types are described: (1) acid-base blend membranes of ortho-sulfone-sulfonated polysulfone (PSU) with ortho-sulfone-diaminated PSU; (2) blend membranes of ortho-sulfone-sulfonated PSU with unmodified PSU; (3) blend membranes of ortho-sulfone-sulfonated PSU with ortho-sulfone disilylated PSU. The differently modified PSU types were characterized via 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR). The acid-base blend membranes were characterized via Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. It could be indirectly proved that formation of PSU-SO 3 O ϩ H 3 N-PSU ionic crosslinks takes place. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations of (1) and (2) yielded the results that these blends are inhomogeneous at the microscopic scale. Mechanical stabilization of these blends is accomplished by physical entanglement of the different macromolecules. The blends (3) were macroscopically inhomogeneous due to the strong difference in hydrophilicity of the blend components. Only the blend 90% PSU-SO 3 HO10% PSU[Si(CH 3 ) 3 ] 2 formed a blended membrane.

Transport in Proton Conductors for Fuel-Cell Applications: Simulations, Elementary Reactions, and Phenomenology

“…The transport properties of the two materials are typical for these classes of membrane materials, based on perfluorinated and hydrocarbon polymers. This is clear from a compilation of D σ , D H 2 O , and D H 2 O P data for a variety of membrane materials, including Dow membranes of different equivalent weights, 226,255,260 Nafion/SiO 2 composites 243,244,[304][305][306] (including unpublished data from the laboratory of one of the authors), cross-linked polyarylenes, [307][308][309][310][311][312][313][314][315] and sulfonated poly-(phenoxyphosphazenes) 301 (Figure 19). The data points all center around the curves for Nafion and S-PEK, indicating essentially universal transport behavior for the two classes of membrane materials (only for S-POP are the transport coefficients somewhat lower, suggesting a more reduced percolation in this particular material).…”

Interlocked Dual‐Network and Superelastic Electrospun Fibrous Sponges for Efficient Low‐Frequency Noise Absorption

“…The double peaks near 1080 cm −1 were caused by the asymmetric stretching vibration of the SiOSi in γ‐MPS and asymmetric stretching vibration of the SO in PSU. [ 36–38 ] Although the two peaks were overlapped, the dehydration condensation of the silanol group could still be seen from the change of the relative peak height. Except for these characteristic peaks, there is little difference in the three curves, and each of the infrared peaks in untreated PSU can be observed in the cross‐linked PSU/γ‐MPS, indicating that the cross‐linking reaction had no influence on the chemical structures of PSU, which confirmed that the intrinsic structures of PSU were not damaged during the cross‐linking process.…”

Preparation and characterization of novel basic polysulfone polymers

“…Guiver and coworkers5–11 did a lot of work on the lithiation of PSUs documented by several publications and patents. It was also shown by Kerres et al that sulfonic acid groups can be introduced into the electron‐deficient part of PSUs by a lithiation reaction with SO 2 oxidation of the PSU sulfinate with H 2 O 2 , KMnO 4 , or NaOCl to PSU–sulfonate12 or by a lithiation reaction with SO 2 Cl 2 hydrolysis of the PSU–sulfochloride with H 2 O, aqueous bases, or aqueous mineralic acids 13. Guiver and coworkers14, 15 reported the amination of PSU via the metalation route: first, lithiated PSU is reacted with tosylazide, and then the PSU–azide is reduced with NaBH 4 to PSU–NH 2 14, 15.…”