Development of olfactory glomeruli: Temporal and spatial interactions between olfactory receptor axons and mitral cells in opossums and rats

Malun, Dagmar; Brunjes, Peter C.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19960422)368:1<1::aid-cne1>3.0.co;2-7

Cited by 129 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The restriction of spatial patterns of mitral cell activity may reflect the increased numbers of inhibitory interneurons (Brunjes and Frazier, 1986) and/or the pruning of olfactory receptor axons (Zou et al, 2004) and mitral cell apical dendrites during the first and second postnatal weeks (Malun and Brunjes, 1996). Nonetheless, the present results suggest that spatial coding alone may be sufficient for discrimination between monomolecular compounds in the absence of background stimuli, intensity shifts, or complex odor plume dynamics.…”

Section: Odor Coding and Odor Discrimination In Neonatesmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…P7 rats were chosen because they have previously been shown to have dramatically reduced numbers of granule cells and reduced numbers of juxtaglomerular neurons, although relatively normal numbers of mitral cells (Brunjes and Frazier, 1986). Many mitral cells at this age, however, have multiple apical dendrites extending into more than one glomerulus (Malun and Brunjes, 1996). Similar results have been described in mice, with the addition that some classes of olfactory receptor neuron axons extend to more than one glomerulus at this age, before being pruned back in older mice (Zou et al, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Frequency Oscillations Are Not Necessary for Simple Olfactory Discriminations in Young Rats

Fletcher¹,

Smith²,

Best³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

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Individual olfactory bulb mitral/tufted cells respond preferentially to groups of molecularly similar odorants. Bulbar interneurons such as periglomerular and granule cells are thought to influence mitral/tufted odorant receptive fields through mechanisms such as lateral inhibition. The mitral-granule cell circuit is also important in the generation of the odor-evoked fast oscillations seen in the olfactory bulb local field potentials and hypothesized to be an important indicator of odor quality coding. Infant rats, however, lack a majority of these inhibitory interneurons until the second week of life. It is unclear if these developmental differences affect olfactory bulb odor coding or behavioral odor discrimination. The following experiments are aimed at better understanding odor coding and behavioral odor discrimination in the developing olfactory system. Single-unit recordings from mitral/tufted cells and local field-potential recordings from both the olfactory bulb and anterior piriform cortex were performed in freely breathing urethane-anesthetized rats (postnatal day 7 to adult). Age-dependent behavioral odor discrimination to a homologous series of ethyl esters was also examined using a crosshabituation paradigm. Odorants were equated in all experiments for concentration (150 ppm) using a flow dilution olfactometer. In concordance with the reduced interneuron population, local field potentials in neonates lacked detectable odor-evoked ␥-frequency oscillations that were observed in mature animals. However, mitral/tufted cell odorant receptive fields and behavioral odor discrimination did not significantly change, despite known substantial changes in local circuitry and neuronal populations, over the age range examined. The results suggest that high-frequency local field-potential oscillations do not reflect processes critical for simple odor discrimination.

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Section: Odor Coding and Odor Discrimination In Neonatesmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Frequency Oscillations Are Not Necessary for Simple Olfactory Discriminations in Young Rats

Fletcher¹,

Smith²,

Best³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

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“…Changes in neuronal processes during experience-dependent maturation of the nervous system are common to many sensory systems. In the vertebrate visual system and olfactory bulb, excess dendritic branches are pruned during maturation (50,51). Our results indicate that temperature-induced changes in the number of MG may include both pre-and postsynaptic elements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Synaptic organization in the adult honey bee brain is influenced by brood-temperature control during pupal development

Groh

Tautz

Rößler

2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

226

240

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Recent studies have shown that the behavioral performance of adult honey bees is influenced by the temperature experienced during pupal development. Here we explore whether there are temperature-mediated effects on the brain. We raised pupae at different constant temperatures between 29 and 37°C and performed neuroanatomical analyses of the adult brains. Analyses focused on sensory-input regions in the mushroom bodies, brain areas associated with higher-order processing such as learning and memory. Distinct synaptic complexes [microglomeruli (MG)] within the mushroom body calyces were visualized by using fluorophoreconjugated phalloidin and an antibody to synapsin. The numbers of MG were different in bees that had been raised at different temperatures, and these differences persisted after the first week of adult life. In the olfactory-input region (lip), MG numbers were highest in bees raised at the temperature normally maintained in brood cells (34.5°C) and significantly decreased in bees raised at 1°C below and above this norm. Interestingly, in the neighboring visual-input region (collar), MG numbers were less affected by temperature. We conclude that thermoregulatory control of brood rearing can generate area-and modality-specific effects on synaptic neuropils in the adult brain. We propose that resulting differences in the synaptic circuitry may affect neuronal plasticity and may underlie temperature-mediated effects on multimodal communication and learning.I n honey bee colonies, brood temperature is controlled precisely within a temperature range of 33-36°C (1, 2). In the central brood area, fluctuations are as small as 35 Ϯ 0.5°C during the pupal period (3, 4). Exposure to strong deviations from normal brood temperatures is known to result in increased mortality and morphological deficits (1, 5). Environmentally induced temperature changes within the hive are compensated by individual honey bee workers via endothermic heat production or evaporation cooling (4, 6, 7). Thermoregulation during winter is achieved also by endothermic heat production, but with lower absolute temperatures and less precision compared with brood rearing in summer (8,9). A recent study demonstrated that the temperature experienced during pupal development influences the behavioral performance of adult bees (10). Worker bees that had been raised at lower temperatures (within the range of naturally occurring temperatures) performed less well in dance communication and olfactory learning than bees raised at higher temperatures.As in other holometabolous insects, postembryonic development in honey bees includes complete larval-adult metamorphosis. In the pupa, the larval nervous system becomes completely remodeled to accommodate the development of adultspecific sensory organs and motor systems, which are associated with the extraordinary changes in behavior. The hormonal and neuronal processes underlying this remarkable plasticity have been the subject of numerous studies, most of them performed on the sphinx moth (Manduca sexta) and...

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“…Although the adult SVZ-OB system retains many immature features, substantial molecular and functional changes characterize its development (Malun and Brunjes, 1996;Bailey et al, 1999;Peretto et al, 2005). Previous reports indicated that SVZ cells from adult mice transplanted into the adult SVZ migrate into the host OB and differentiate into GC and PG interneurons (Lois and Alvarez-Buylla, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of Distinct Types of Periglomerular Olfactory Bulb Interneurons during Development and in Adult Mice: Implication for Intrinsic Properties of the Subventricular Zone Progenitor Population

Marchis

Bovetti²,

Carletti³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

157

143

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The subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle develops from residual progenitors of the embryonic lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) and maintains neurogenic activity throughout life. Precursors from LGE/SVZ migrate to the olfactory bulb (OB) where they differentiate into local interneurons, principally in the granule layer and glomerular layer (GL). By in situ dye labeling, we show that neonatal and adult SVZ progenitors differentially contribute to neurochemically distinct types of periglomerular interneurons in the GL. Namely, calbindin-positive periglomerular cells are preferentially generated during early life, whereas calretinin-and tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing neurons are mainly produced at later ages. Furthermore, homochronic/heterochronic transplantation demonstrates that progenitor cells isolated from the LGE or SVZ at different stages (embryonic day 15 and postnatal days 2 and 30) engraft into the SVZ of neonatal or adult mice, migrate to the OB, and differentiate into local interneurons, including granule and periglomerular cells as well as other types of interneurons. The total number of integrated cells and the relative proportion of granule or periglomerular neurons change, according to the donor age, whereas they are weakly influenced by the recipient age. Analysis of the neurochemical phenotypes acquired by transplanted cells in the GL shows that donor cells of different ages also differentiate according to their origin, regardless of the host age. This suggests that progenitor cells at different ontogenetic stages are intrinsically directed toward specific lineages. Neurogenic processes occurring during development and in adult OB are not equivalent and produce different types of periglomerular interneurons as a consequence of intrinsic properties of the SVZ progenitors.

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Development of olfactory glomeruli: Temporal and spatial interactions between olfactory receptor axons and mitral cells in opossums and rats

Cited by 129 publications

References 65 publications

High-Frequency Oscillations Are Not Necessary for Simple Olfactory Discriminations in Young Rats

High-Frequency Oscillations Are Not Necessary for Simple Olfactory Discriminations in Young Rats

Synaptic organization in the adult honey bee brain is influenced by brood-temperature control during pupal development

Generation of Distinct Types of Periglomerular Olfactory Bulb Interneurons during Development and in Adult Mice: Implication for Intrinsic Properties of the Subventricular Zone Progenitor Population

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