Development of Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Insufficiency following the Progression of Disease

Oxidative stress and free radicals in liver and kidney diseases; an updated short-review

“…However, there is still no confirmed information about the effects of antioxidant therapy on hemodialysis patients, despite the primary benefits of antioxidants among these patients (20). Moreover, there is still no accepted explanation about the exact role of free radicals and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of many acute and chronic kidney insufficiency, nephrological diseases, glomerulonephritis, gentamicin nephrotoxicity and ischemic-reperfusion injury (21). Oxidative stress has an important effect on chronic kidney disease (CKD) (22) with a recommendation of treatment by antioxidants (21).…”

“…Moreover, there is still no accepted explanation about the exact role of free radicals and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of many acute and chronic kidney insufficiency, nephrological diseases, glomerulonephritis, gentamicin nephrotoxicity and ischemic-reperfusion injury (21). Oxidative stress has an important effect on chronic kidney disease (CKD) (22) with a recommendation of treatment by antioxidants (21). CKD is a worldwide health problem with increasing incidence (22).…”

Vitamin E in renal therapeutic regimens

“…Uremic patients have an increased incidence of LDL peroxidation, endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis [68][69][70][71]. The increased oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defense system characteristic of CKF are contributing factors to such events [68][69][70][71][72].…”

“…The increased oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defense system characteristic of CKF are contributing factors to such events [68][69][70][71][72]. Recently, Zwolinska et al [72] reported increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in children with CKF as evidenced by increased erythrocyte MDA and plasma organic hydroperoxide (OHP) concentrations.…”

Vitamin E as a protective antioxidant in progressive renal failure

“…Mononuclear leukocytes from patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are more susceptible to membrane lipid peroxidation relative to those isolated from healthy controls 55 and red cells of dialysis patients are vitamin E-depleted. [56][57][58][59] Bochev et al (1997) demonstrated that the progression of kidney disease from chronic renal insufficiency to terminated uremia on dialysis was associated with a decreased blood antioxidant capacity, an increase in polymorphonuclear leukocyte resting oxidative activity and an abnormally elevated level of lipid peroxidation. 60 Peuchant et al (1997) found that in patients with advanced CRF, a very low protein diet (0.3 g/kg per day) supplemented with essential amino and keto acids and vitamins including E (a-tocopheryl acetate, 5 mg/day), A (7.5 mg/day) and C (75 mg/day) over a 6-month period significantly reduced (and in some cases, normalized) the extent of lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes.…”