Development of oxygen insensitivity of the quantitative histochemical assay of G6PDH activity during colorectal carcinogenesis

Abstract

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Oxygen Insensitivity of the Histochemical Assay of Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity for the Detection of (Pre)Neoplasm in Rat Liver

“…A value of 60% for the RA in (pre)neoplastic foci is in agreement with values found in adenocarcinomas of colon and pancreatic carcinoma in humans (Van Driel et al 1997,1999a. These large differences in formazan production between normal liver tissue and (pre)neoplastic cells make a discrimination very easy, even when only a few altered cells are present in a biopsy.…”

“…In endemic areas, a fast, easy and cheap diagnostic tool could be of great value for early HCC detection. The histochemical assay of G6PD activity performed under special conditions has proved to be such a tool for the detection of cancer cells of the breast (Altman 1970;Petersen et al 1985;Barron et al 1991), bronchus (Butcher 1979(Butcher ,1982, stomach (Ibrahim et al 1983), colon (Ibrahim et al 1983;Best et al 1990;Griffini et al 1994;Van Driel et al 1997), and pancreas (Van Driel et al 1999b). In colorectal cancer, the test has a prognostic value with respect to patient survival that is distinctly higher than Dukes' staging (Van Driel et al 1999a).…”

Oxygen Insensitivity of the Histochemical Assay of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity for the Discrimination Between Nonmalignant and Malignant Cells

“…The ratio is determined and multiplied by 100 to yield the residual activity. When the residual activity is Ͻ20%, cells are considered to be nonmalignant, and they are considered to be malignant when the percentage is Ͼ20% (Griffini et al 1994;Van Driel et al 1997a). Oxygen insensitivity was first observed in adenomas; 50% of all primary human adenomas were oxygen-insensitive, but the residual activity never exceeded 35%.…”

“…This phenomenon is known as oxygen insensitivity; an example is shown in Figure 1. The oxygen insensitivity assay has been successful in specifically detecting cancer cells of the breast (Altman 1970;Petersen et al 1985a,b;Smyth et al 1987;Barron et al 1991), bronchus (Butcher 1979(Butcher ,1982, stomach (Ibrahim et al 1983), colon (Ibrahim et al 1983;Best et al 1990;Griffini et al 1994;Van Driel et al 1997a), and pancreas (Van Driel 1998). Van Driel (1998) demonstrated that the test can also be used for objective discrimination between adenomas and carcinomas of the colon with a certainty of Ͼ80% and between pancreatitis and pancreatic adenocarcinomas with a certainty of 100%.…”

Loss of Peroxisomes Causes Oxygen Insensitivity of the Histochemical Assay of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity to Detect Cancer Cells

“…Another aspect of the assay is that the oxygen insensitivity in colon biopsies of both man and mouse started to appear in adenomas (Van Driel et al 1997). De Jong et al (2001) have shown oxygen insensitivity also in rat liver neoplastic cells as well as preneoplastic cells.…”