Development of polyaniline–multiwalled carbon nanotube (PANI–MWCNT) nanocomposite for optical pH sensor

Kulkarni, Milind V.; Charhate, N. A.; Bhavsar, Kalpesh V.; Tathe, M. A.; Kale, Bharat B.

doi:10.1179/1433075x12y.0000000048

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Biosensors based on carbon nanotubes make rapid screening of BV feasible by realizing monitoring of both vaginal pH and biogenic amines with the same sensor. Carbon nanotubes have been previously employed for pH sensing using optical techniques − and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. , However, electrochemical detection methods have several advantages, including rapid analysis, high sensitivity, low cost of instrumentation, and outstanding advantages in miniaturization. − With the significant progress in microminiaturization and manufacturing cost control, fabricated electrochemical sensors show great potential in the POC testing of pH. Different variables such as peak potential in voltammetry, open circuit potential, − and resistance can be employed for pH detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Vaginosis Monitoring with Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors

et al. 2022

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The ability to rapidly and reliably screen for bacterial vaginosis (BV) during pregnancy is of great significance for maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrated the potential of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (NTFET) in the rapid diagnostics of BV with the sensing of BV-related factors such as pH and biogenic amines. The fabricated sensors showed good linearity to pH changes with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.99. The pH sensing performance was stable after more than one month of sensor storage. In addition, the sensor was able to classify BV-related biogenic amine-negative/positive samples with machine learning, utilizing different test strategies and algorithms, including linear discriminant analysis (LDA), support vector machine (SVM), and principal component analysis (PCA). The biogenic amine sample status could be well classified using a soft-margin SVM model with a validation accuracy of 87.5%. The accuracy could be further improved using a gold gate electrode for measurement, with accuracy higher than 90% in both LDA and SVM models. We also explored the sensing mechanisms and found that the change in NTFET off current was crucial for classification. The fabricated sensors successfully detect BV-related factors, demonstrating the competitive advantage of NTFET for point-of-care diagnostics of BV.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Vaginosis Monitoring with Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors

et al. 2022

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“…These studies suggested that, there is a π-π interaction between graphitic structure of CNTs and aromatic rings of polyaniline. This interaction leads to the electron delocalization that facilitate the motion of electrons and enhance the electrical and optical properties of composites [6]. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are comparatively chemically inert, display outstanding electrical and thermal conductivity, and demonstrate superior mechanical strength and nonlinear optical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical properties and FT-IR spectra of PANI/f-MWCNT thin films

Muhammad

Alwan

2021

ETN

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Polyaniline (PANI) and PANI/f-MWCNT thin films have been synthesized by the in-situ chemical polymerization method. Ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8 and hydrochloric acid (HCL) were used as an oxidizing agent and protonic acid dopant, respectively. The f-MWCNT was added to PANI matrix to enhance and modify its optical properties. The films were deposited on glass substrates by dip coating method and its characterizations were done by UV-Vis (Ultra-Violet Visible Spectrophotometer) and FTIR (Fourier transform Spectroscopy) in the region of (650–2500) cm−1. The optical energy gap and optical constants such as the reflective index, the extinction coefficient and others were carried out from the optical measurements in the wavelength range (300-900) nm. The optical results indicate that the prepared films have allowed direct transition and the optical energy gap depends on the different weight percentages of f-MWCNT which was used as a dopant. FTIR spectrum shows several absorption peaks centered at around 1556, 692, 1235, 830, 1450 and 1280 cm−1 which consider the characteristic band peaks of polyaniline.

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“…Polyaniline (PAN) is one of the most interesting conducting polymers due to its environmental stability, − ease of synthesis and preparation, − and wide-ranging potential use through its particular electrochemical, optical, and electrical properties. − The physics and chemistry of polyaniline in its many forms have been the subject of intense study because of its fundamental and important technological properties with their possible applications in rechargeable batteries, , microelectronics devices, biosensors, − chemical sensors, , electrochromic displays, and electromagnetic shielding. − Superior control over the conductivity of polyaniline through doping is regarded as very promising due to the relative ease of scaling to large quantities and of designing electromagnetic behavior through final oxidation and protonation states determined by adjustable reaction conditions. ,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Effects of a Solvent-Limited Approach to HCl-Doped Polyaniline Nanopowder Synthesis

2013

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The unconventional solvent-limited synthesis approach for conductive polymer production is analyzed for the well-known system of HCl-doped polyaniline (PAN) to elucidate the impact of nearly solvent-free reactions on chemical and electronic structures including chain conformation, specifically, branching and cross-linking. Moreover, the dependence of PAN polymorphism on the synthesis approach was demonstrated. A careful comparison is established with conventionally solvent-rich syntheses for rapid and extremely slow oxidations. Detailed Raman and UV−vis spectroscopy analyses demonstrate that the "solvent-free" product has the lowest crosslinking density with enhanced charge delocalization as a result of more expanded-coil chains and achieves an optimal oxidation level for the highest conductivity. This is in contrast to conventional solvent-rich polymerization for more compact coils and cross-links producing lower conductivities. The importance of tuning synthesis conditions toward delocalized polaron electronic structure relative to bipolarons and/or localized polarons is exemplified. These findings further support previous results from electromagnetic shielding effectiveness using the three synthesis-varied HCl-PAN nanopowders in the microwave band as well as explain the apparent independence of the polymer conductivity and crystallinity from previous studies.

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Development of polyaniline–multiwalled carbon nanotube (PANI–MWCNT) nanocomposite for optical pH sensor

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Bacterial Vaginosis Monitoring with Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors

Bacterial Vaginosis Monitoring with Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors

Optical properties and FT-IR spectra of PANI/f-MWCNT thin films

Chemical Effects of a Solvent-Limited Approach to HCl-Doped Polyaniline Nanopowder Synthesis

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