Development of rearing techniques using large enclosed ecosystems in the mass production of marine fish fry

Meeren, Terje van der; Naas, Kjell Emil

doi:10.1080/10641269709388606

Cited by 65 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The ability to synthesize taurine may exist for several freshwater fish species including cyprinids, but this may not be conserved across the class Actinopterygii as many predatory marine species have not demonstrated the ability for taurine synthesis (Yokoyama et al, 2001). Interest first arose in nutrition of marine finfish larvae and early juveniles: several reports noted the superior growth and survival of larvae when fed on zooplankton such as mysids or copepods, compared to larvae fed on traditionally enriched rotifers and Artemia (Conceicao et al, 1997;Luizi et al, 1999;Naess et al, 1995;Park et al, 1997;Shields et al, 1999;Takeuchi et al, 2001;van der Meeren and Naas, 1997). Helland et al (2003) and Aragao et al (2004) later compared the biochemical composition of copepods with that of Artemia and noted that taurine was the most abundant free amino acid (after glycine) in the former, while being found at lower levels in the latter.…”

Section: Discovery Of An Essential Nutrientmentioning

confidence: 96%

Taurine: a critical nutrient for future fish feeds

2015

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Taurine is a sulfonic acid found in high concentrations in animal tissues. In recent years, a number of studies have demonstrated the essentiality of dietary taurine for many commercially relevant species, especially marine teleosts. Consequently, the removal of taurine-rich dietary ingredients such as fishmeal may create a deficiency, of which symptoms include reduced growth and survival, increased susceptibility to diseases, and impaired larval development. These symptoms emphasize the systemic role of taurine in the animal's physiology and provide few clues as to the underlying mechanisms of taurine function. In fact, a myriad of roles have been attributed to taurine in mammals, ranging from bile salt conjugation to membrane stabilization, osmoregulation, anti-oxidation, immunomodulation, calcium-signaling, and neuroprotection. This review describes the current knowledge of taurine physiology and metabolism in fish and requirement levels in relevant species, and highlights possible parallels with mammalian taurine metabolism. In addition, the effects of ingredient processing and feed manufacturing on taurine bioavailability are discussed. Finally, regulatory aspects are brought to the forefront: although the supplementation of taurine will be necessary to further reduce the use of ingredients such as fishmeal, taurine is not currently approved by the FDA in the USA for fish feeds.Obtaining approval in the United States to utilize taurine in fish feeds can improve the environmental and economic sustainability of fish feeds nation-wide.

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Section: Discovery Of An Essential Nutrientmentioning

confidence: 96%

Taurine: a critical nutrient for future fish feeds

2015

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“…For most cultured marine fish species the most suitable prey items at first feeding are rotifers (Sorgeloos et al , 1995; van der Meeren & Naas, 1997). Manipulation of the external microflora of the livefood which is then fed to the larvae has potential application in the delivery of probiotics.…”

Section: Modes Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics in marine larviculture

2006

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Owing to the problem of antibiotic resistance and subsequent reluctance of using antibiotics, the use of probiotics in larviculture is becoming increasingly popular. During the early stages of development, manipulation of the larval digestive system seems possible through the addition of probiotics either through the culture water or via the livefood. Well-studied probiotics used in human medicine and terrestrial agriculture have proved to be successful in aquaculture and therefore reduce the need for extensive biosafety trials. The selection of probiotics requires various in vitro screening experiments, which assay for the production of antagonist compounds, their growth in and attachment to fish intestinal mucus, and the production of other beneficial compounds such as vitamins, fatty acids and digestive enzymes. Further information regarding probiont suitability can be obtained from its identification, interaction with livefood and host pathogenicity. Finally, pilot-scale in vivo tests need be performed, after which a production cost-benefit analysis to determine its economic viability needs to be undertaken.

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“…to add to this lower nauplii production in 2007, the amount of rotifers supplied to the larvae during the rotifer period (table 2) was also lower in comparison to the amount supplied in 2008. Consequently survival was higher at the onset of metamorphosis during 2008. however, during transformation mortality became high (table 4), probably due to the reduced amount of available food during the Artemia period in 2008. not only was the number of endogenous prey low but also the quantity of Artemia supplied was lower than in 2007. our results demonstrate that early larvae of the dusky grouper can be successfully reared at temperatures close to 23ºC in semi-intensive systems (van der Meeren and naas, 1997;divanach and Kentouri, 2000). the tanks for rearing the larvae should be prepared in advance and filled with coarsely filtered (500 µm) sea water 6 days before seeding with newly hatched larvae.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 74%