Development of red-eyed treefrog eggs affects efficiency and choices of egg-foraging wasps

Warkentin, Karen M.; Buckley, Christine; Metcalf, Kelly A.

doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.06.007

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For A. callidryas, although risk accrues at different rates in attacks by different types of predators [e.g. snakes and wasps (Warkentin et al, 2006a)], the substantial overlap in temporal properties of vibrations across predator types (M.S.C., J.G.M. and K.M.W., unpublished) makes it reasonable to consider risk simply a function of time, independent of cycle length.…”

Section: The Vibration Sampling Strategy Of a Callidryas Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible information sampling in vibrational assessment of predation risk by red-eyed treefrog embryos

Warkentin

Caldwell

Siok

et al. 2007

Journal of Experimental Biology

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and have probably evolved multiple times. Some embryos respond to chemical cues (e.g. Chivers et al., 2001;Johnson et al., 2003) and others to vibrational cues from predators (Warkentin, 2005). These responses provide a natural context in which to examine the sensory and information-processing capacity of embryos. We examined information sampling by frog embryos that use substrate-borne vibrations to cue behaviorally mediated premature hatching.Risk assessment is critical for inducible defenses (Tollrian and Harvell, 1999) and requires that animals distinguish predator cues from benign-source stimuli (noise). This is fundamentally a signal detection problem (Bradbury and Vehrencamp, 1998;Macmillan and Creelman, 2005). For any cue property that an animal could assess, overlap is likely between the value of that property in predator cues and noise. Such overlap occurs in

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Section: The Vibration Sampling Strategy Of a Callidryas Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible information sampling in vibrational assessment of predation risk by red-eyed treefrog embryos

Warkentin

Caldwell

Siok

et al. 2007

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…During a given night, one female may deposit two to five egg masses on separate leaves in close proximity, and several weeks pass before her next ovulation (Savage 2002). The eggs from different females can often be distinguished by their yolk color, which ranges from cream to bright yellow to turquoise, and color is consistent within eggs deposited by a female on the same night (Warkentin et al 2006a). In addition, the age of a clutch (i.e., days since oviposition) can generally be determined in the field (Warkentin 1995;Warkentin et al 2006a).…”

Section: Animal Collectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The eggs from different females can often be distinguished by their yolk color, which ranges from cream to bright yellow to turquoise, and color is consistent within eggs deposited by a female on the same night (Warkentin et al 2006a). In addition, the age of a clutch (i.e., days since oviposition) can generally be determined in the field (Warkentin 1995;Warkentin et al 2006a). Therefore, to ensure that each collected clutch was from a different female, we collected only clutches that were between 0 and 2 days of age (determined in the field and confirmed in the laboratory by microscopic inspection), and no two clutches of similar color and age were collected within 10 m of each other.…”

Section: Animal Collectionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A. callidryas is widespread and locally common in low-elevation tropical forests from the southern Yucatan through Panama (Duellman 1970). Females deposit eggs on leaves overhanging bodies of water, and embryos respond to attack by aerial (Warkentin et al 2006a) and arboreal (Warkentin 1995) predators by hatching early, reducing the duration of the embryonic stage by approximately 30 % (Warkentin 1995;Gomez-Mestre et al 2008). Embryos are easily manipulated and may be induced to hatch early in the laboratory (Warkentin 1999a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clutch identity and predator-induced hatching affect behavior and development in a leaf-breeding treefrog

Gibbons

George

2012

Oecologia

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For species with complex life cycles, transitions between life stages result in niche shifts that are often associated with evolutionary trade-offs. When conditions across life stages are unpredictable, plasticity in niche shift timing may be adaptive; however, factors associated with clutch identity (e.g., genetic or maternal) may influence the effects of such plasticity. The red-eyed treefrog (Agalychnis callidryas) is an ideal organism for investigating the effects of genetics and life stage switch point timing because embryos exhibit adaptive phenotypic plasticity in hatching time. In this study, we evaluated the effects of experimentally manipulated hatching time and clutch identity on antipredator behavior of tadpoles and on developmental traits of metamorphs, including larval period, mass, SVL, and jumping ability. We found that in the presence of dragonfly nymph predator cues at 21 days post-oviposition, tadpoles reduced both their activity level and height in the water column. Furthermore, early-hatched tadpoles were less active than late-hatched tadpoles of the same age. This difference in behavior patterns of early- and late-hatched tadpoles may represent an adaptive response due to a longer period of susceptibility to odonate predators for early-hatched tadpoles, or it may be a carry-over effect mediated by early exposure to an environmental stressor (i.e., induction of early hatching). We also found that hatching time affected both behavioral traits and developmental traits, but its effect on developmental traits varied significantly among clutches. This study shows that a single early-life event may influence a suite of factors during subsequent life stages and that some of these effects appear to be dependent on clutch identity. This interaction may represent an evolutionary response to a complex life cycle and unpredictable environments, regardless of whether the clutch differences are due to additive genetic variance or maternal effects.

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“…To record wasp [Polybia rejecta (Fabricius)] attacks on egg clutches, we used established methods to recruit foragers to a feeding station in Gamboa (Warkentin et al, 2006a). Wasps were marked on the thorax with a dot of colored paint for individual identification.…”

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confidence: 99%

Frequency information in the vibration-cued escape hatching of red-eyed treefrogs

Caldwell

McDaniel

Warkentin

2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Incidental acoustic and vibrational cues generated by predators are a potential source of information for prey assessing risk. Substrate vibrations should be excited by most predators, and frequency, amplitude or temporal properties could allow prey to distinguish predator from benign-source vibrations. Red-eyed treefrog embryos detect egg predators using vibrations excited during attacks, hatching rapidly and prematurely to escape. We recorded vibrations in egg clutches during attacks by five species of predators and three common types of benign physical disturbance. We analyzed their frequency distributions to assess if and how frequency properties could be used to discriminate between vibration sources and used vibration playbacks to examine the effects of frequency properties on the escape hatching response. Vibrations produced by predators and benign disturbances generally have broad and overlapping frequency distributions, and all frequencies excited by attacks are also excited by benign disturbances. Decision rules based on the frequency distribution of vibrations alone would therefore result in either high levels of hatching in response to benign vibrations (false alarms) or common failures to hatch in response to predators (missed cues). Nevertheless, embryos hatch in response to predator and not benign disturbances in nature, and our playback results show that vibration frequency information is an important component of their hatching decision. Embryos combine frequency with temporal information to refine their hatching response. Moreover, comparing frequency spectra of predator and benign vibrations suggests that the presence of energy in frequencies outside the range characteristic of attacks might serve as an indicator of benign disturbance.

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Development of red-eyed treefrog eggs affects efficiency and choices of egg-foraging wasps

Cited by 30 publications

References 25 publications

Flexible information sampling in vibrational assessment of predation risk by red-eyed treefrog embryos

Flexible information sampling in vibrational assessment of predation risk by red-eyed treefrog embryos

Clutch identity and predator-induced hatching affect behavior and development in a leaf-breeding treefrog

Frequency information in the vibration-cued escape hatching of red-eyed treefrogs

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